Dengue
Bangladesh
Around 114,510 infections have been confirmed since the beginning of this year, most of them in the capital Dhaka. 548 people died. This is the highest number of cases since the pathogen was first detected in the country in 2000. Last year, around 82 750 cases were registered and more than 300 people died. Take care to protect yourself against daytime mosquitoes. Vaccination is possible from February 2023.
West Nile fever
Germany
Since mid-August this year, 3 human infections have been reported in the districts of Anhalt-Bitterfeld and Wittenberg (Saxony-Anhalt) and in Berlin. In 2018, the first locally acquired infections in birds and horses were registered in Germany and in late summer 2019, 5 people became ill for the first time in eastern Germany. Last year, 4 human infections were recorded. The virus primarily infects birds, but can also spread to humans, horses and other mammals. Pay attention to mosquito protection.
Dengue
Italy
This August, 6 local infections were confirmed in the Lombardy region (N) and another in the Lazio region (W). This is the first local infection in Italy since 2020. Based on an infection imported from Indonesia, a local cluster with at least 5 cases occurred in the Veneto region (N). The mosquito vector Aedes albopictus has been widespread in the country for several years. Take care to protect against day vector mosquitoes.
Rabies
South Africa
This year 8 cases have already been confirmed, one in Limpopo province, 4 in KwaZulu-Natal and 3 in the Eastern Cape province. Last year, 13 confirmed infections and 6 suspected cases were reported nationwide. The Eastern Cape, Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal provinces were also particularly affected. Since last year, there has been a sharp increase in rabid dogs across the country. The most common source of infection is dog bites. If such contact occurs, seek medical attention immediately; if the risk is foreseeable and the stay is prolonged, preventive vaccination is recommended.
Dengue
Chad
Authorities confirmed the first outbreak in the country in August. Since July, around 460 suspected cases have been reported, 26 infections have been confirmed and one person has died. The neighbouring provinces of Wadai and Wadi Fira are particularly affected. Take care to protect yourself against daytime mosquitoes. Vaccination is possible from February 2023.
Dengue
USA
In the state of Florida, 16 local infections have been confirmed this year. Miami-Dade, Broward, Hardee and Polk counties are affected. The first case was reported in early February. Last year, 68 cases were recorded. Take care to protect yourself against daytime mosquitoes. Vaccination is possible from February 2023.
intestinal infections
Egypt
Diarrhoeal disease risk nationwide. The Robert Koch Institute has reported an increase in enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infections among returning travellers, particularly from Hurghada. Hepatitis A is also very common. Eating raw salads and undercooked foods should be avoided. Tap water should not be drunk. Observe food hygiene and vaccination protection.
Murray Valley encephalitis
Australia
This year, 26 infections have been confirmed nationwide and 6 people have died. The states of New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia and the Northern Territory are particularly affected. This mosquito-borne virus is regularly found in Australia and Papua New Guinea. Pay extra attention to mosquito repellent.
Monkeypox (Mpox)
Brazil
After several cases were confirmed in the UK in May 2022, other countries reported infections. Approximately 10 970 infections have been confirmed in Brazil. 16 people died. The virus is found in central and west Africa, and cases outside Africa have so far been traced to travellers or imported animals. Human-to-human transmission occurs through direct contact with the body fluids of an infected person or with objects contaminated with the virus.
Chikungunya
Brazil
Since the beginning of this year, around 218 615 suspected cases have been registered nationwide and around 99 270 infections have been confirmed. 78 people died. The number of cases has increased significantly compared to the same period last year. In 2022, a total of about 265,300 suspected cases were reported. 75 people died. In 2021, approximately 133,600 suspected cases were reported. 12 people died. In 2020, approximately 92,720 infections and 25 deaths were reported. Health authorities reported the first local infections in mid-2014. Since then, the infection has spread across the country. Use mosquito repellent.
Dengue
Brazil
There is a high risk of dengue fever throughout the country. Since the beginning of this year, more than 2,490,880 suspected cases have been registered nationwide and 866 people have died. In the states of Espírito Santo (O) and Paraná (S), the number of cases increased compared to the same period last year. In 2022, approximately 2,363,500 illnesses and approximately 930 deaths were recorded. Take care to protect against mosquitoes, which are mostly diurnal. Vaccination is possible from February 2023.
intestinal infections
Dominican Republic
Diarrhoeal disease risk nationwide. The Dominican Republic is one of the holiday destinations with the highest number of cases of traveler’s diarrhea. As of October 2022, around 100 cholera infections have been reported. A man died. Most were registered in the capital, Santo Domingo. Take care of hygiene and consider vaccination if necessary.
Dengue
Dominican Republic
Since the beginning of this year, around 3670 suspected cases have been registered. 4 people died. Last year, around 10,440 suspected cases were reported. 42 people died. The number of cases roughly tripled in 2022 compared to the previous year. Particularly affected are the municipalities of Santiago, Santo Domingo de Guzmán, Santo Domingo Norte, Santo Domingo Este and San José de Ocoa. In 2021, approximately 3,750 infections and 26 deaths were registered. Use mosquito repellent. Vaccination is possible from February 2023.
safety notice
Greece
The risk of forest fires in Greece has decreased. However, it cannot be ruled out that new sources of fire will arise due to the prevailing weather conditions. The forest fires in the southeast of Rhodes are now extinguished. Prohibitions, signs and warnings should be observed, as well as instructions from local authorities and security forces, and local media coverage should be carefully monitored (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
West Nile fever
Greece
Since mid-July, 90 infections and 11 deaths have been reported. The regions affected are Central Macedonia and Thessaly, as well as the island of Thassos. In Greece, the infection occurs sporadically. The virus is transmitted from one host to another by mosquitoes. It primarily infects birds, but can also spread to humans, horses and other mammals. Use mosquito repellent.
Chikungunya
India
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 56 405 cases and 1 974 deaths have been reported nationwide. The worst affected states are again Maharashtra and Karnataka. Last year, approximately 8,070 cases were confirmed nationwide. The worst affected states were Karnataka, Maharashtra and Gujarat. Take care to protect yourself against the daily vectors of mosquitoes (Aedes species).
intestinal infections
India
Diarrhoeal disease risk nationwide. Cholera can be expected regionally. Typhoid, paratyphoid and orally transmitted forms of hepatitis are endemic throughout India. Anthrax occurs again and again in local people in both cutaneous and intestinal forms. Observe hygiene and vaccination protection.
Dengue
India
With the onset of monsoon in early July, infections are expected to increase in the north of the country. Around 920 people have fallen ill in the capital New Delhi this year, compared to 10,183 in the whole of last year. As a result of the heavy rains, the number of cases has increased in the state of Karnataka, where more than 4,800 cases have been reported so far. Some 31,445 cases and 36 deaths were reported nationally that year. Approximately 233,250 infections and 303 deaths were recorded in 2022. Take care to protect yourself against the daily vectors of mosquitoes (Aedes species). Vaccination is possible from February 2023.
encephalitis
India
By the end of July this year, approximately 375 cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) had been officially reported nationwide. 15 people died. The state of Assam is particularly affected. In 2022, 1109 cases and 130 deaths were reported. The highest number of infections was again recorded in Assam state. Perform exposure prophylaxis and vaccination if necessary!
Malaria
India
Due to the monsoon, the number of cases has increased in many parts of the country. By the end of June this year, around 43,580 suspected cases had been registered nationwide and 2 people had died. The worst affected states are again Chhattisgarh and Urisa. Last year, approximately 174 000 cases and 68 deaths were reported. Very good protection against mosquitoes is always important, it is usually advisable to take emergency medication and depending on the outbreak, chemoprophylaxis should be discussed.
safety notice
India
Travel to Jammu, Kashmir and Manipur is strongly discouraged at present. Always avoid demonstrations and large gatherings of people and follow the instructions of the security forces and keep up to date with media reports during your stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
India
Deaths have already been reported in several states this year. In late July, a two-and-a-half-year-old girl died in Uttar Pradesh (N). He was bitten by a stray dog. In June, a 49-year-old woman who cared for stray dogs died in the state of Kerala (SW). In July, three young children were bitten by rabid dogs in the same condition and one died. India is one of the countries in the world with the highest number of animal and human cases. In total, around 310 people died last year. The most affected states are Karnataka, Maharashtra and West Bengal. The main transmitter is a (stray) dog. Large cities are also affected. In case of suspicious contact with an animal, seek medical attention immediately and pay attention to the use of modern vaccines for tissue culture. Preventive vaccinations are recommended for all passengers.
intestinal infections
Indonesia
Diarrhoeal disease risk nationwide. Cholera epidemics are reported sporadically in West Papua and typhoid fever can be expected. Continue to maintain hygiene and protection by vaccination against typhoid fever.
poliomyelitis
Indonesia
Since the end of January this year, 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) infections have been confirmed in Aceh province on the island of Sumatra. The child was already sick there last November. This is the first polio detection in the country since 2019. In March this year, the disease was confirmed in Java province. The emergence of the VDPV makes the country a country with a potential risk of international spread of the pathogen. As a result, all people (locals and tourists) who have been in the country for more than 4 weeks should be able to show proof of polio vaccination when leaving the country. Vaccinations must be given 4 weeks to one year prior to departure and must be documented on an internationally valid vaccination card.
Bird flu
Indonesia
Since November 2003, highly pathogenic avian influenza caused by influenza A(H5N1) has spread throughout the country with local and regional outbreaks in poultry. More than 10 million animals have fallen victim to animal disease so far. Since mid-2003, 200 human cases of the disease have been reported in Indonesia, of which 168 have been fatal. The last human infections were confirmed on the island of Bali in September 2017. Almost all of those affected had direct contact with sick or dead animals. Contact with live poultry or sick people should be avoided and hygiene should be maintained.
Monkeypox (Mpox)
Spain
After several cases were confirmed in the UK in May 2022, other countries reported infections. Approximately 7 560 confirmed infections have been reported in Spain. 3 deaths have been confirmed. The virus is found in central and west Africa, and cases outside Africa have so far been traced to travellers or imported animals. Human-to-human transmission occurs through direct contact with the body fluids of an infected person or with objects contaminated with the virus.
damn
South Africa
This year, around 1070 suspected cases have been registered, 199 infections have been confirmed and 47 people have died. In addition to Gauteng province, the Free State, Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces are also affected. Take care of hygiene and consider vaccination if necessary.
measles
South Africa
In the past year, the number of cases has increased across the country. Around 1140 laboratory-confirmed infections have been reported since early October, with Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North West, Gauteng and Free State provinces particularly affected. The number of new infections is now declining. Always check and top up standard vaccination protection before travelling abroad.
safety notice
South Africa
From 3. On August 2023, the shared taxi associations responsible for much of the local public transport in the Western Cape province, and particularly in the wider Cape Town area, are on strike. There have been sporadic clashes between security authorities and strikers, as well as attacks on bus companies. Some of them have ceased operations. There are isolated road closures in some parts of the city; airport access may also be affected. The electricity crisis continues with frequent and prolonged power cuts. These lead to temporary power outages, including in private accommodation, shops, banks and ATMs, public lighting, traffic lights and security systems. Power outages can also affect water supply and quality and continue to lead to restrictions on internet connectivity and mobile communications. Petrol stations may also be temporarily affected. For safety reasons, the South African National Park Authority advises travellers to avoid using the so-called “no-go” signs when entering Kruger National Park. Numbi gates and used alternative entry gates. To get to Addo Elephant Park from Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha), we recommend not using the R335 via Motherwell and alternatively use the N2 via Colchester (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
South Africa
This year 8 cases have already been confirmed, one in Limpopo province, 4 in KwaZulu-Natal and 3 in the Eastern Cape province. Last year, 13 confirmed infections and 6 suspected cases were reported nationwide. The Eastern Cape, Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal provinces were also particularly affected. Since last year, there has been a sharp increase in rabid dogs across the country. The most common source of infection is dog bites. If such contact occurs, seek medical attention immediately; if the risk is foreseeable and the stay is prolonged, preventive vaccination is recommended.
intestinal infections
Tanzania
Diarrhoeal disease risk nationwide. Localised outbreaks of cholera occur regularly. Take care with hygiene and consider vaccinations if necessary.
Requirement for initial vaccination
Tanzania
The risk of contracting yellow fever in Tanzania is classified by WHO as low and vaccination is generally not recommended. According to the official entry vaccination regulation (ITH 2020), yellow fever vaccination is mandatory for persons over 1 year of age when entering from endemic areas. Experience shows that regulations change frequently and the information provided by different authorities varies. The regulations are sometimes interpreted and dealt with differently at some airports (Kilimanjaro Airport in Arusha) or by individual border officials. Contrary to official information, a yellow fever vaccination is often required when entering Zanzibar. The official statement of the Zanzibar Ministry of Health is published on the website of the Federal Foreign Office.
poliomyelitis
Tanzania
The first vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) infection was reported in July this year. Due to the presence of cVDPV2, the country is formally classified as a country with a potential risk of international spread of the pathogen. As a result, all people (locals and tourists) who stay in the country for more than 4 weeks must present a polio vaccination when they leave the country. Vaccinations must be given 4 weeks to one year prior to departure and must be documented on an internationally valid vaccination card. Observe protection by vaccination.
Chikungunya
Thailand
Around 820 infections have been confirmed so far this year. Compared to 2021, the number of cases doubled last year, with a total of around 1,400 infections reported from 48 provinces. In 2021, around 670 cases were registered nationwide. Use mosquito repellent.
intestinal infections
Thailand
Risk of diarrhoeal diseases nationwide, smaller cholera outbreaks can be expected locally. Take care of hygiene.
Dengue
Thailand
According to press reports, around 27,380 infections and 33 deaths have been reported since January this year. Trat, Nan, Chanthaburi, Rayong and Mae Hong Son provinces are particularly affected, as well as the capital Bangkok. Take care to protect yourself against daytime mosquitoes. Vaccination is possible from February 2023.
Monkeypox (Mpox)
USA
After several cases were confirmed in the UK in May 2022, other countries reported infections. In the United States, approximately 30,770 infections have been reported in all 50 states and Washington, D.C. as well as those registered in Puerto Rico. 45 people died. In early August 2022, the government declared a national health emergency. The virus is found in central and west Africa, and cases outside Africa have so far been traced to travellers or imported animals. Human-to-human transmission occurs through direct contact with the body fluids of an infected person or with objects contaminated with the virus.
Dengue
USA
In the state of Florida, 16 local infections have been confirmed this year. Miami-Dade, Broward, Hardee and Polk counties are affected. The first case was reported in early February. Last year, 68 cases were recorded. Take care to protect yourself against daytime mosquitoes. Vaccination is possible from February 2023.
Hepatitis A
USA
According to the CDC, there has been an increase in nationwide outbreaks since 2016, with infections spreading from person to person. Those affected are mainly homeless and addicted people. Approximately 44,900 infections and 423 deaths have now been reported from 37 countries. Most infections were reported in the states of Kentucky, Florida, Ohio, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama and Indiana. Pay careful attention to hygiene measures and consider vaccinations if necessary.
Malaria
USA
In mid-August, the first local case of tropical malaria in the state of Maryland in more than 40 years was reported in the Washington metropolitan area. In mid-June this year, health authorities in the state of Texas confirmed a local infection (malaria tertiana) in Cameron County. For the first time in 20 years, 7 locally acquired cases of tertian malaria have been confirmed in the state of Florida since May. Authorities are warning of mosquito-borne diseases in Florida. Malaria is very rare in the USA, the last time 8 local cases of tertian malaria were reported in Palm Beach County (Florida) in 2003. Pay extra attention to mosquito repellent.
poliomyelitis
USA
At the end of June 2022, poliovirus infection derived from the type 2 vaccine (cVDPV2) was confirmed in the US for the first time since 2013. The 20-year-old was temporarily treated at a paralysis clinic in Rockland County (New York State). Authorities say polioviruses were detected in wastewater samples in the county before the man became ill. By the end of March this year, viruses had been detected in more than 100 wastewater samples, and New York State authorities declared a disaster in early September. Residents were asked to check their vaccination protection and top up if necessary. Always check and top up standard vaccination protection before travelling abroad.
sun protection
USA
Starting in early 2021, the sale of so-called reef-toxic sunscreens, including products that contain oxybenzone (BP3) and octinoxate, is banned in the state of Hawaii. These substances are suspected of having a harmful effect on corals and other marine life.
West Nile fever
USA
This year, 455 infections and at least 13 deaths were reported nationwide by the end of August, with the states of Colorado, Arizona, California and Nebraska particularly affected. The peak season is from July to October, but transmission is possible all year round. Use mosquito repellent.
intestinal infections
Vietnam
Diarrhoeal disease risk nationwide, cholera is also endemic. Take care of food and drinking water hygiene.
Dengue
Vietnam
Approximately 57 700 infections and 14 deaths have been reported since the beginning of this year. The number of cases in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City has increased unusually since July. Last year, around 367,730 illnesses and 140 deaths were recorded. The number of cases was about 5 times higher than in 2021. Regions in the south and centre of the country, as well as Ho Chi Minh City, were particularly affected. In 2021, around 68,270 cases were reported and 21 people died. Take care to protect against mosquitoes, which are mostly diurnal. Vaccination is possible from February 2023.
Bird flu
Vietnam
After a gap of more than 8 years, a 5-year-old girl fell ill with H5 influenza virus infection in October 2022. She ate meat from sick chickens and ducks. Between 2003 and 2014, a total of 127 people fell ill with influenza A (H5N1) across the country and 64 died. In all affected individuals, adequate animal contacts could be demonstrated. Since 2014, numerous outbreaks in domestic poultry have been recorded across the country with more than 129,000 animals killed. At the end of May this year, there was an outbreak in Quang Ngai province with about 1700 sick ducks. Vaccination of poultry is widespread in the country. Outbreaks of influenza A(H5N6) have been repeatedly reported in poultry farms since 2014. Since the beginning of 2021, 3 outbreaks have already been reported in 2 provinces. No human illnesses have occurred so far.
Source: https://crm.de/aktuelles/