by broucek.milos | Apr 23, 2025 | Vaccination updates
Malaria
Botswana
Since mid-February of this year, the number of cases has increased due to heavy rainfall. By the end of March, approximately 1,770 cases had been registered. Cases have also been reported from non-endemic areas, including the cities of Francistown, Gaborone, Mahalapye, and Serowe. Extremely good mosquito protection is always recommended; depending on the outbreak situation and travel route, carrying emergency medication or chemoprophylaxis is recommended.
Yellow Fever
Colombia
Since October of last year, there has been an outbreak in the Tolima Department (Z), with 59 confirmed cases and 23 deaths. Nationwide, 75 infections have been reported. A yellow fever vaccination is recommended for all travelers 9 months of age and older. Vaccination is mandatory for entry from some endemic areas.
Dengue
Comoros
Since the beginning of February of this year, approximately 275 suspected cases have been reported. One person has died. Most infections originate from the island of Anjouan. It is important to ensure that you have excellent protection against daytime mosquitoes, and vaccination is recommended.
Typhoid
Mayotte
Since the beginning of this year, 70 infections have been confirmed. This is significantly more than in the same period last year. The municipalities of Koungou and Mamoudzou are most affected. Careful attention should be paid to food and drinking water hygiene and, if necessary, consider vaccination.
Malaria
Namibia
Since the beginning of November last year, the number of cases in the northern areas of the country has been increasing. By the end of March of this year, a total of approximately 30,160 cases and 64 deaths had been reported. Excellent mosquito protection is always recommended; depending on the outbreak situation and travel route, carrying emergency medication or chemoprophylaxis is recommended.
Dengue
Tonga
The Ministry of Health confirmed an outbreak in mid-February of this year. Approximately 500 infections have been confirmed so far. The Vava’u, Tongatapu, and ‘Eua divisions are most affected. It is important to ensure good protection against daytime mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Intestinal infections
Egypt
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. In recent years, there have been repeated cases of infections with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) among returning travelers, especially from Hurghada. Hepatitis A is also very common. Consumption of raw salads and undercooked foods should be avoided. Tap water should not be drunk. Observe food hygiene and vaccinations.
Safety Notice
Egypt
Travel to the northern Sinai Peninsula, the Egyptian-Israeli border region (except Taba), and remote areas of the Sahara is advised. Unaccompanied, individual excursions and overland travel in the southern Sinai Peninsula are discouraged (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Dengue
Australia
Approximately 710 infections have been reported since the beginning of this year, most of them in the states of Western Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, and Queensland. Last year, approximately 2,370 cases were reported nationwide. The states of Western Australia, New South Wales, and Victoria were again particularly affected. It is important to ensure very good protection against daytime mosquitoes; vaccination may be advisable if necessary.
Japanese Encephalitis
Australia
Two infections have been reported in the state of Victoria since December of last year. In mid-January of this year, a man became ill in the state of Queensland. By the end of March, another infection and a possible death were reported. Since February, two deaths and three further infections have been reported in the state of New South Wales. A case was also recorded in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). Carefully observe mosquito protection and consider vaccination if necessary.
Airborne Pertussis Infections
Australia
By the end of March of this year, approximately 11,200 cases had been reported. Last year, approximately 57,145 cases were reported nationwide, most of them in the states of Queensland and New South Wales. One baby died. These are the highest number of cases since 1991. A total of approximately 2,440 cases were recorded nationwide in 2023. Standard vaccinations should always be checked and updated if necessary before traveling abroad.
Vector-borne infections
Ross River Fever
Australia
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 775 cases have been reported. Nationwide, approximately 3,340 cases were reported last year. The state of Queensland is particularly affected. Observe mosquito protection.
Chikungunya
Brazil
In the first 12 weeks of this year, approximately 91,970 suspected cases were reported nationwide. 54 people have died. The state of Mato Grosso is the worst affected. Approximately 422,615 suspected cases and 213 deaths were reported nationwide last year. Health authorities reported the first local infections in mid-2014. Since then, the infection has spread nationwide. Observe mosquito protection.
Dengue
Brazil
There is a high risk of dengue throughout the country. Since the beginning of this year, approximately 1,735,525 suspected cases have been reported nationwide. 622 people have died. The state of São Paulo is particularly affected, and authorities there have declared a state of medical emergency. Last year, approximately 10,232,875 suspected cases and 6,103 confirmed deaths were registered nationwide. Compared to the previous year, the number of cases has more than tripled. It is important to ensure excellent protection against daytime mosquitoes, and vaccination is recommended.
Yellow Fever
Brazil
In February of this year, a teenager from the municipality of Breves (Pará state) died. Since the beginning of March, 26 infections and seven deaths have been confirmed in the municipality of Breves (Pará state), and there have been approximately 15 additional suspected cases. In the state of São Paulo, 35 infections have already been confirmed this year, with 20 deaths. In the state of Minas Gerais, four people have died and another has become ill. In the state of Tocantins, a worker from Peru fell ill in mid-February. The Ministry of Health warned tourists of an increase in the number of cases and advised them to get vaccinated. Last year, eight human infections were confirmed nationwide. There were four deaths. Vaccination is recommended for stays in Brazil.
Oropouche Fever
Brazil
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 7,760 infections have been reported. One person has died. Most cases have been recorded in the state of Espirito Santo (SW). Last year, the number of confirmed infections nationwide rose to approximately 13,780, and four people died. In 2023, 832 cases were confirmed nationwide, most of which originated in the state of Amazonas (northwest). The virus is transmitted by midges and predominantly nocturnal mosquitoes. The disease leads to an acute febrile syndrome, including joint and limb pain and vomiting. Use mosquito repellent.
Rabies
Brazil
Worldwide, most infections are transmitted by (stray) dogs; in Brazil, transmission also occurs through contact with bats and marmosets. According to the Ministry of Health, 108 cases were confirmed nationwide between 2005 and 2024, most of which originated in the northeast. The risk of rabies should always be part of travel medical advice, also considering the limited availability of suitable vaccines and immunoglobulin in the country. A prophylactic vaccination is recommended, especially for longer stays.
Intestinal Infections
Dominican Republic
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. The Dominican Republic is one of the holiday destinations with the highest number of cases of traveler’s diarrhea. Since October 2022, approximately 110 cholera infections have been reported. One person has died. The majority were recorded in the capital, Santo Domingo. Observe hygiene and consider vaccination.
Dengue
Dominican Republic
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 440 suspected cases have been registered. Last year, approximately 10,250 cases were registered. 12 people died. In 2023, approximately 27,970 suspected cases were registered. 62 people died. Very good protection against daytime mosquitoes is important, and vaccination is recommended.
Entry Requirements
Dominican Republic
The Dominican government has completely sealed the border with Haiti since September 15, 2023, until further notice. Travel by land, air, or sea between the two countries is currently prohibited (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Malaria
Dominican Republic
By the end of January of this year, 1,190 cases had been reported. Approximately 1,035 infections were confirmed last year, with the number of cases roughly tripled compared to the previous year. Very good mosquito protection is always recommended, and carrying emergency medication may be advisable for many parts of the country.
Intestinal Infections
India
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. Cholera is to be expected regionally. Typhoid, paratyphoid, and the orally transmitted forms of hepatitis are endemic throughout India. Anthrax, both cutaneous and intestinal, is frequently found among locals. Ensure proper hygiene and vaccinations.
Dengue
India
Nationwide, approximately 233,400 cases were recorded last year. 236 people died. The states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu were particularly affected. In 2023, approximately 234,430 cases and 91 deaths were reported. In 2022, approximately 233,250 infections and 303 deaths were recorded. Very good protection against daytime mosquitoes is recommended, and vaccination is also recommended.
Japanese Encephalitis
India
At the end of November 2024, the first infection since 2011 was reported in the west of the capital, New Delhi. Last year, 1,328 cases of Japanese Encephalitis (JE) were recorded nationwide. 93 people died. The highest number of infections was again recorded in the state of Assam (NO). In 2023, 1,097 cases and 56 deaths were officially reported nationwide. Carry out exposure prophylaxis and possibly vaccination!
Malaria
India
Since January of this year, approximately 15,460 cases and one death have been recorded nationwide. Most infections again originate from the states of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Jharkhand. Last year, approximately 257,385 cases were reported nationwide. 62 people have died. Very good mosquito protection should always be observed, emergency medication should usually be carried, and, depending on the outbreak, chemoprophylaxis should also be discussed.
Safety Notice
India
Travel to Jammu and Kashmir and Manipur is currently strongly discouraged. Demonstrations and large gatherings should generally be avoided, instructions from security forces should be followed, and current media reports should be followed during your stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
India
India is one of the countries in the world with the highest number of cases in animals and humans. In the state of Kerala (South), the number of stray dog bites has more than doubled since 2017, and the number of rabies deaths has roughly tripled. Eight deaths have already been recorded this year. (Stray) dogs are the main vector of rabies. Large cities are also affected. In case of suspicious animal contact, seek immediate medical attention and ensure the use of modern tissue culture vaccines. Preventive vaccination is recommended for all travelers.
Zika Virus
India
In the state of Gujarat (West), 500 people have been infected by the beginning of November last year. Since June last year, 109 infections and five deaths have been confirmed in the city of Pune (West, Maharashtra). The virus is present in large parts of the country. Observe mosquito protection.
Intestinal Infections
Indonesia
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. Cholera outbreaks are sporadically reported in West Papua, and typhus is expected. Continue to observe hygiene and vaccination against typhoid fever.
Dengue
Indonesia
According to press reports, 159 cases and two deaths were reported in the Garut regency (Jawa Bara province) on the island of Java in January of this year. By mid-October of last year, approximately 203,921 infections had been confirmed nationwide. 1,210 people have died. It is important to ensure that you have excellent protection against daytime mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Entry Regulations
Indonesia
Due to the increasing number of monkeypox cases worldwide, the authorities have adjusted entry regulations. Starting August 29, 2024, travelers must complete the electronic health questionnaire at the Ministry of Health (https://sshp.kemkes.go.id/) before entering the country (departure). This will generate a QR code that must be presented at check-in and upon entry.
Poliomyelitis
Indonesia
Last year, seven infections with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) were reported. In 2023, a total of six infections with cVDPV2 were confirmed on the islands of Sumatra and Java. A child had already been diagnosed on the island of Sumatra in November 2022. This is the first case of polio in the country since 2019. The emergence of VDPV makes the country a potential risk area for international spread of the pathogen. As a result, all persons (locals and tourists) who have stayed in the country for more than four weeks should be able to show proof of polio vaccination upon departure. The vaccination must be administered between four weeks and one year before departure and documented in an internationally valid vaccination certificate.
Safety Notice
Indonesia
Non-essential travel to five of the six provinces of the Indonesian part of the island of New Guinea (Papua, Papua West, Papua Pegunungan, Papua Central, and Papua South) is discouraged. Some volcanoes in various parts of Indonesia have shown increased activity recently. The Indonesian government’s overview page provides information on the danger levels and current activities of the 127 volcanoes. It is generally recommended to avoid the respective danger zones and inquire about the current danger levels in advance. Large crowds should be avoided at all costs and the instructions of the security forces should be followed. Furthermore, current media reports should be followed during your stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Safety Notice
South Africa
The South African National Park Service is making every effort to ensure the safety of tourists in and around Kruger National Park and has set up the following helpline for travelers to Mpumalanga Province: +27-(0)6630 0 0991. When traveling to Addo Elephant Park from Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha), it is recommended to avoid using the R335 via Motherwell and instead use the N2 via Colchester. Demonstrations and large gatherings should be avoided at all costs, and the instructions of security forces should be followed. Current media reports should be monitored during any stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
South Africa
Eight deaths were recorded last year. 12 human cases were confirmed in 2023, and 13 in 2022. The provinces of Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal, and the Eastern Cape were particularly affected. A sharp increase in rabid dogs has been observed nationwide since 2022. Rabies occurs in animals nationwide, affecting jackals, mongooses, cows, unvaccinated dogs, and cats, among others. At the beginning of June, the first confirmed case of rabies was a South African fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus) in Cape Town. By the end of July 2024, 14 more cases had been recorded. According to the Cape Town City Council, eight people have since been bitten, and all have been urged to seek treatment. The public should keep themselves and their dogs away from seals throughout the coastal region of the Cape Peninsula. The most common source of infection for humans is dog bites. Immediately seek medical advice in the event of contact with such animals. Preventive vaccination is recommended for those with a foreseeable risk and for longer stays.
Intestinal Infections
Tanzania
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. Localized cholera outbreaks occur regularly. Since September 2023, there have been outbreaks in 23 regions. Maintain proper hygiene and consider vaccination if necessary.
Entry Requirements
Tanzania
Effective October 1, 2024, all visitors to Zanzibar (except residents with Tanzanian residency permits) must purchase mandatory entry insurance from the Zanzibar Insurance Corporation (ZIC) for the duration of their stay (up to 92 days). This insurance can only be purchased through ZIC. Other international travel insurance policies are not accepted. Policies can be purchased starting September 1, 2024. The current cost is USD 44 per person. Further information is available on the Visit Zanzibar website (https://visitzanzibar.go.tz/). Entry may be denied if proof of proper insurance is not provided.
Entry Vaccination Requirements
Tanzania
The WHO considers the risk of yellow fever infection in Tanzania to be low, and vaccination is not generally recommended. According to the official entry vaccination regulations (ITH 2020), a yellow fever vaccination is required for persons older than 1 year upon entry from endemic areas. Experience has shown that the regulations change frequently, and the information provided by various authorities differs. The regulations are sometimes interpreted and applied differently at some airports (Kilimanjaro Airport in Arusha) or by individual border officials. Contrary to official information, a yellow fever vaccination is often required upon entry to Zanzibar. An official statement from the Zanzibar Ministry of Health is published on the website of the Federal Foreign Office.
Marburg virus
Tanzania
In January of this year, the Ministry of Health reported an outbreak in Kagera District (Northern Tanzania), which was declared over in mid-March. Ten cases were reported, all of which died. Suspected Marburg virus was confirmed in two patients. The greatest risk of infection is contact with bodily fluids (blood, urine, stool) during patient care. Fruit bats are a reservoir of the virus. Transmission occurs through direct contact with infected animals, but infections after visits to bat caves have also been reported. The risk of infection for (tourist) travelers is low.
Safety Notice
Tanzania
Non-essential travel to the southern part of the Mtwara region (immediate border region with Mozambique), as well as to the islands and coastal region south of Kisiju, is discouraged (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Intestinal infections
Thailand
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide, with smaller cholera outbreaks also expected locally. Observe hygiene.
Dengue
Thailand
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 6,270 infections and 8 deaths have been reported. Last year, approximately 102,930 cases and 175 deaths were recorded. In 2023, approximately 159,220 infections and 179 deaths were reported. The provinces of Trat, Nan, Chanthaburi, Rayong, and Mae Hong Son, as well as the capital Bangkok, were particularly affected. It is important to ensure good protection against daytime mosquitoes, and vaccination is recommended.
Safety Notice
Thailand
On the morning of March 28, 2025, an earthquake measuring 7.7 on the Richter scale and an aftershock measuring 6.4 on the Richter scale occurred near Mandalay, Myanmar. The reverberations of the earthquake were felt in large parts of Thailand, including Bangkok. Further aftershocks cannot be ruled out. The instructions of security forces and local authorities should be followed, and current media reports should be followed during any stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Measles
USA
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 600 infections and two deaths have been confirmed in the state of Texas, and more than 60 in the neighboring state of New Mexico. One adult has died. A total of approximately 800 cases have been registered in 25 states. In 2024, 285 cases were recorded nationwide. Before traveling abroad, standard vaccinations should always be checked and updated if necessary.
Pertussis
USA
In the state of Louisiana, 110 cases and two deaths have already been confirmed this year. 154 cases were reported there last year. Approximately 35,000 cases were reported nationwide last year, the highest number of cases since 2013. Ten people have died. Before traveling abroad, you should always check your current vaccinations and update them if necessary.
Sun Protection
USA
Since the beginning of 2021, the sale of so-called reef-toxic sunscreens has been banned in the state of Hawaii. These include products containing oxybenzone (BP3) and octinoxate. These substances are suspected of having harmful effects on corals and other marine life.
Avian Flu
USA
In January of this year, a child in San Francisco, California, was confirmed to be infected with influenza A(H5N1). The source of the infection is currently unknown. In mid-February, a woman in Wyoming became ill for the first time. Last year, 70 human cases were reported. Most cases presented with mild symptoms, such as conjunctivitis and mild flu-like symptoms. Those affected had contact with infected dairy cattle. Contact with poultry or infected wild birds resulted in one death in Louisiana, a patient over 65 years of age. In the US, the outbreak began in birds in 2022, and since then, approximately 1,390 poultry farms (commercial and private) in 50 states have been affected. In 2024, influenza A(H5N1) was first confirmed in dairy cows, affecting approximately 1,000 animals in 17 states.
Intestinal Infections
Vietnam
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide; cholera is also endemic. Observe food and drinking water hygiene.
Dengue
Vietnam
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 17,130 infections and two deaths have been reported. Last year, approximately 138,345 cases and 26 deaths were recorded nationwide. Very good protection against daytime mosquitoes is important, and vaccination is recommended.
Import Regulations
Vietnam
As of January 1, 2025, the import, possession, and use of all electronic cigarettes (including vaporizers, tobacco heaters, etc.) and associated equipment are prohibited. Fines of up to 3 billion VND (approximately 115,000 euros) or up to 15 years’ imprisonment are possible (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
Vietnam
The first suspected case of the year was reported in Dak Lak province in January. By mid-April, more than 20 infections had been registered in 13 provinces. More than 80 deaths were reported nationwide last year. The provinces of Binh Thuan, Dak Lak, Nghe An, and Gia Lai were particularly affected. A total of 82 people died from rabies infection in 2023. In case of suspected animal contact, medical attention should be sought immediately. Preventive vaccination is strongly recommended, especially in cases of foreseeable risk and for longer stays. Consultation with a doctor experienced in travel medicine should be sought well in advance of travel.
Avian Flu
Vietnam
In March of last year, an infection with influenza A(H9N2) was reported for the first time in Vietnam. In April of this year, an 8-year-old girl from Tay Ninh province contracted meningitis. This is the first infection with influenza A(H5N1) this year. After a break of more than eight years, in October 2022, a five-year-old girl became ill with an H5 influenza virus. She had eaten meat from infected chickens and ducks. In 2024, an 18-year-old man became ill, and a 21-year-old student died. Between 2003 and 2014, a total of 128 people nationwide contracted influenza A(H5N1), resulting in 65 deaths. Corresponding animal contact was documented for all affected individuals. Since 2014, numerous outbreaks have been recorded in domestic poultry nationwide, resulting in the culling of more than 129,000 birds. At the end of May 2023, an outbreak occurred in Quang Ngai Province involving approximately 1,700 infected ducks. Poultry vaccination is widespread in the country. Since 2014, repeated outbreaks of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported in poultry farms. Since the beginning of 2021, three outbreaks have been reported in two provinces. Human cases have not been reported so far.
source/zdroj: https://crm.de/aktuelles/
by broucek.milos | Apr 7, 2025 | Vaccination updates
Chikungunya
Argentina
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 1,650 suspected cases have been registered, which is more than in the entire previous year. A total of approximately 1,390 cases were reported last year. Use mosquito repellent.
Malaria
Botswana
Since mid-February of this year, the number of cases has increased due to heavy rainfall. Cases have also been reported from non-endemic areas, including the cities of Francistown, Gaborone, Mahalapye, and Serowe. Strong mosquito repellent is always recommended; depending on the outbreak situation and travel route, carrying emergency medication or chemoprophylaxis is recommended.
Yellow Fever
Colombia
Since October of last year, there has been an outbreak in the Tolima Department (Z), with 42 confirmed cases and 18 deaths. The last infection was reported in mid-March of this year. In addition, one death was recorded in the Caquetá Department (SW) and one infection in the Putumayo Department (SW). Yellow fever vaccination is recommended for all travelers 9 months and older. Vaccination is mandatory for travelers arriving from some endemic areas.
Yellow Fever
Peru
Since the beginning of this year, 19 infections have been reported in the Amazonas, Huánuco, and San Martin regions, resulting in 8 deaths. Last year, 19 infections were confirmed nationwide by the end of October, resulting in 9 deaths. Yellow fever vaccination is recommended for travel to certain regions of Peru. Travelers are required to be vaccinated when traveling to the Amazon region, and proof of vaccination will be checked.
Intestinal Infections
Philippines
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. Cholera outbreaks are to be expected sporadically. Typhus occurs as isolated or group cases. Since the beginning of this year, the number of cases in the province of Negros Occidental has roughly doubled compared to the same period last year. Observe good hygiene practices and consider vaccination against typhoid and cholera if necessary.
Dengue
Tonga
The Ministry of Health confirmed an outbreak in mid-February of this year. Approximately 390 infections have been confirmed so far. The Vava’u, Tongatapu, and ‘Eua divisions are most affected. It is important to ensure good protection against daytime mosquitoes, and vaccination is recommended.
Intestinal infections
Egypt
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. In recent years, there have been repeated cases of infections with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) among returning travelers, especially from Hurghada. Hepatitis A is also very common. Consumption of raw salads and undercooked foods should be avoided. Tap water should not be drunk. Observe food hygiene and vaccinations.
Safety Notice
Egypt
Travel to the northern Sinai Peninsula, the Egyptian-Israeli border region (except Taba), and remote areas of the Sahara is advised. Unaccompanied, individual excursions and overland travel in the southern Sinai Peninsula are discouraged (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Dengue
Australia
Approximately 600 infections have been reported since the beginning of this year, most of them in the states of Western Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, and Queensland. Last year, approximately 2,370 cases were reported nationwide. The states of Western Australia, New South Wales, and Victoria were again particularly affected. It is important to ensure very good protection against daytime mosquitoes; vaccination may be advisable if necessary.
Japanese Encephalitis
Australia
Two infections have been reported in the state of Victoria since December of last year. In mid-January of this year, a man in the state of Queensland became ill. Since February, two deaths and three further infections have been reported in the state of New South Wales. A case has also been recorded in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). Follow mosquito protection carefully and consider vaccination if necessary.
Pertussis
Australia
By the end of March of this year, approximately 9,870 cases had been reported. Last year, approximately 57,145 cases were reported nationwide, most of them in the states of Queensland and New South Wales. One baby died. These are the highest number of cases since 1991. A total of approximately 2,440 cases were recorded nationwide in 2023. Before traveling abroad, standard vaccinations should always be checked and updated if necessary.
Ross River Fever
Australia
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 740 cases have been reported. Nationwide, approximately 3,340 cases were reported last year. The state of Queensland is particularly affected. Use mosquito protection.
Chikungunya
Brazil
In the first 12 weeks of this year, approximately 71,580 suspected cases were reported nationwide. 44 people have died. Last year, approximately 422,615 suspected cases and 213 deaths were reported nationwide. In 2023, approximately 256,930 suspected cases were registered nationwide, and approximately 146,250 infections were confirmed. 106 people died. Health authorities reported the first local infections in mid-2014. Since then, the infection has spread nationwide. Use mosquito protection.
Dengue
Brazil
There is a high risk of dengue throughout the country. Since the beginning of this year, approximately 1,225,900 suspected cases have been reported nationwide. 377 people have died. The state of São Paulo is particularly affected, where authorities have declared a state of medical emergency. Last year, approximately 10,232,875 suspected cases and 6,103 confirmed deaths were registered nationwide. Compared to the previous year, the number of cases has more than tripled. It is important to ensure excellent protection against daytime mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Yellow Fever
Brazil
In February of this year, a teenager from the municipality of Breves (Pará state) died. Since the beginning of March, 26 infections and seven deaths have been confirmed in the municipality of Breves (Pará state), and there have been approximately 15 additional suspected cases. In the state of São Paulo, 34 infections have already been confirmed this year, with 20 deaths. In the state of Minas Gerais, four people have died and another has become ill. In the state of Tocantins, a worker from Peru fell ill in mid-February. The Ministry of Health warned tourists of an increase in the number of cases and advised them to get vaccinated. Last year, eight human infections were confirmed nationwide. There were four deaths. Vaccination is recommended for stays in Brazil.
Oropouche Fever
Brazil
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 6,685 infections have been reported. One person has died. Most cases have been recorded in the state of Espirito Santo (SW). Last year, the number of confirmed infections nationwide rose to approximately 13,780, and four people died. In 2023, 832 cases were confirmed nationwide, most of which originated in the state of Amazonas (northwest). The virus is transmitted by midges and predominantly nocturnal mosquitoes. The disease leads to an acute febrile syndrome, including joint and limb pain and vomiting. Use mosquito repellent.
Rabies
Brazil
Worldwide, most infections are transmitted by (stray) dogs; in Brazil, transmission also occurs through contact with bats and marmosets. According to the Ministry of Health, 108 cases were confirmed nationwide between 2005 and 2024, most of which originated in the northeast. The risk of rabies should always be part of travel medical advice, also considering the limited availability of suitable vaccines and immunoglobulin in the country. A prophylactic vaccination is recommended, especially for longer stays.
Intestinal Infections
Dominican Republic
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. The Dominican Republic is one of the holiday destinations with the highest number of cases of traveler’s diarrhea. Since October 2022, approximately 110 cholera infections have been reported. One person has died. The majority were recorded in the capital, Santo Domingo. Observe hygiene and consider vaccination.
Dengue
Dominican Republic
Since the beginning of this year, approximately 370 suspected cases have been registered. Last year, approximately 10,250 cases were registered. 12 people died. In 2023, approximately 27,970 suspected cases were registered. 62 people died. Very good protection against daytime mosquitoes is important, and vaccination is recommended.
Entry Requirements
Dominican Republic
The Dominican government has completely sealed the border with Haiti since September 15, 2023, until further notice. Travel by land, air, or sea between the two countries is currently prohibited (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Malaria
Dominican Republic
By the end of January of this year, 1,190 cases had been reported. Approximately 1,035 infections were confirmed last year, with the number of cases roughly tripling compared to the previous year. Very good mosquito protection is always recommended, and carrying emergency medication may be advisable for many parts of the country.
Intestinal Infections
India
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. Cholera is to be expected regionally. Typhoid, paratyphoid, and the orally transmitted forms of hepatitis are endemic throughout India. Anthrax, both cutaneous and intestinal, is frequently found among locals. Ensure proper hygiene and vaccinations.
Dengue
India
Nationwide, approximately 233,400 cases were recorded last year. 236 people died. The states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu were particularly affected. In 2023, approximately 234,430 cases and 91 deaths were reported. In 2022, approximately 233,250 infections and 303 deaths were recorded. It is important to ensure good protection against daytime mosquitoes, and vaccination is recommended.
Japanese Encephalitis
India
At the end of November 2024, the first infection since 2011 was reported west of the capital, New Delhi. Last year, 1,328 cases of Japanese Encephalitis (JE) were registered nationwide. 93 people died. The highest number of infections was again recorded in the state of Assam (NO). In 2023, 1,097 cases and 56 deaths were officially reported nationwide. Administer exposure prophylaxis and possibly vaccinate!
Malaria
India
In January of this year, approximately 10,675 cases and one death were recorded nationwide. Most infections again originated in the states of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Jharkhand. Last year, approximately 257,385 cases were reported nationwide. 62 people died. Very good mosquito protection is always recommended, carrying emergency medication is usually advisable, and, depending on the outbreak, chemoprophylaxis should also be considered.
Safety Notice
India
Travel to Jammu and Kashmir and Manipur is currently strongly discouraged. Demonstrations and large gatherings should be avoided at all costs, instructions from security forces should be followed, and current media reports should be followed during your stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
India
India is one of the countries in the world with the highest number of cases in animals and humans. In the state of Kerala (S), the number of bites by stray dogs has more than doubled since 2017, and the number of rabies-related deaths has roughly tripled. Eight deaths have already been recorded this year. The main carrier is the (stray) dog. Large cities are also affected. In case of suspicious animal contact, seek immediate medical attention and ensure the use of modern tissue culture vaccines. Preventive vaccination is recommended for all travelers.
Zika Virus
India
In the state of Gujarat (West), 500 people had been infected by the beginning of November last year. Since June last year, 109 infections and five deaths have been confirmed in the city of Pune (state of Maharashtra, West). The virus is present in large parts of the country. Observe mosquito protection.
Intestinal Infections
Indonesia
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. Cholera outbreaks are sporadically reported in West Papua, and typhoid fever is to be expected. Continue to observe hygiene and vaccination against typhoid fever.
Dengue
Indonesia
According to press reports, 159 cases and two deaths were reported in the Garut regency (Jawa Bara province) on the island of Java in January of this year. By mid-October last year, approximately 203,921 infections had been confirmed nationwide. 1,210 people have died. It is important to ensure excellent protection against daytime mosquitoes, and vaccination is recommended.
Entry Regulations
Indonesia
Due to the increasing number of monkeypox cases worldwide, the authorities have adjusted their entry regulations. Starting August 29, 2024, travelers must complete the electronic health questionnaire at the Ministry of Health (https://sshp.kemkes.go.id/) before entry (departure). This will provide them with a QR code that must be presented at check-in and upon entry.
Polio
Indonesia
Last year, seven infections with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) were reported. In 2023, a total of six infections were confirmed on the islands of Sumatra and Java. A child was already infected on the island of Sumatra in November 2022. This is the first case of polio detected in the country since 2019. The emergence of VDPV makes the country a country with a potential risk of international spread of the pathogen. As a result, all persons (locals and tourists) who have stayed in the country for more than four weeks should be able to show proof of polio vaccination upon departure. The vaccination must be administered between four weeks and one year before departure and documented in an internationally valid vaccination certificate.
Safety Notice
Indonesia
Non-essential travel to five of the six provinces of the Indonesian part of the island of New Guinea (Papua, West Papua, Pegunungan Papua, Central Papua, and South Papua) is discouraged. Some volcanoes in various parts of Indonesia have shown increased activity recently. The Indonesian government’s overview page provides information on the hazard levels and current activities of the 127 volcanoes. It is generally recommended to avoid the respective danger zones and to inquire about the current hazard levels in advance. Large crowds should generally be avoided, instructions from security forces should be followed, and current media reports should be followed during any stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Safety Notice
South Africa
The South African National Parks Authority is making every effort to ensure the safety of tourists in and around Kruger National Park and has set up the following helpline for travelers to the Mpumalanga province: +27-(0)6630 0 0991. When traveling to Addo Elephant Park from Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha), it is recommended to avoid using the R335 via Motherwell and instead use the N2 via Colchester. Demonstrations and large crowds should generally be avoided, instructions from security forces should be followed, and current media reports should be followed during any stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
South Africa
Eight deaths were recorded last year. In 2023, 12 cases were confirmed in humans, compared to 13 in 2022. The provinces of Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal, and the Eastern Cape were particularly affected. A sharp increase in rabid dog cases has been observed nationwide since 2022. Rabies occurs in animals nationwide, affecting, among others, jackals, mongooses, cows, unvaccinated dogs, and cats. At the beginning of June, the first infection was confirmed in a South African fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus) in Cape Town. By the end of July 2024, 14 more cases had been recorded. According to the Cape Town City Council, eight people have since been bitten, and all have been urged to seek treatment. The public should keep themselves and their dogs away from seals throughout the coastal region of the Cape Peninsula. The most common source of infection for humans is dog bites. In case of contact with such animals, seek immediate medical attention; preventive vaccination is recommended if the risk is foreseeable and the stay is extended.
Intestinal infections
Tanzania
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. Localized cholera outbreaks occur regularly. Since September 2023, outbreaks have occurred in 23 regions. Careful hygiene should be observed; vaccination should be considered if necessary.
Entry Requirements
Tanzania
Effective October 1, 2024, all visitors to Zanzibar (except residents with Tanzanian residency permits) must purchase mandatory entry insurance from the Zanzibar Insurance Corporation (ZIC) for the duration of their stay (up to 92 days). This insurance can only be purchased through ZIC. Other international travel insurance policies are not accepted. Policies can be purchased starting September 1, 2024. The current cost is USD 44 per person. Further information is available on the Visit Zanzibar website (https://visitzanzibar.go.tz/). Entry may be denied if proof of proper insurance is not provided.
Entry Vaccination Requirements
Tanzania
The WHO considers the risk of yellow fever infection in Tanzania to be low, and vaccination is not generally recommended. According to the official entry vaccination regulations (ITH 2020), a yellow fever vaccination is required for persons older than 1 year upon entry from endemic areas. Experience has shown that the regulations change frequently, and the information provided by various authorities differs. The regulations are sometimes interpreted and applied differently at some airports (Kilimanjaro Airport in Arusha) or by individual border officials. Contrary to official information, a yellow fever vaccination is often required upon entry to Zanzibar. An official statement from the Zanzibar Ministry of Health is published on the website of the Federal Foreign Office.
Marburg virus
Tanzania
In January of this year, the Ministry of Health reported an outbreak in Kagera District (North), which was declared over in mid-March. Ten cases were reported, all of which died. Suspected Marburg virus was confirmed in two patients. The greatest risk of infection is contact with bodily fluids (blood, urine, stool) when caring for patients. Fruit bats are a reservoir of the virus. Transmission occurs through direct contact with infected animals, but infections after visits to so-called bat caves have also been described. The risk of infection for (tourist) travelers is low.
Polio
Tanzania
No infections were reported last year. The first infection with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) was reported in July 2023. One further infection was reported in early September and one in late December. Due to the emergence of cVDPV2, the country is formally classified as a country with a potential risk of international spread of the pathogen. As a result, all persons (locals and tourists) who have stayed in the country for more than four weeks must show proof of polio vaccination upon departure. The vaccination must be administered between four weeks and one year before departure and documented in an internationally valid vaccination certificate. Ensure vaccination status.
Safety Notice
Tanzania
Non-essential travel to the southern part of the Mtwara region (immediate border region with Mozambique), as well as to the islands and coastal region south of Kisiju, is discouraged (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Intestinal Infections
Thailand
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide; localized, smaller cholera outbreaks are also to be expected. Observe hygiene.
Dengue
Thailand
Since the beginning of this year, 4,005 infections and 4 deaths have been reported. Last year, approximately 102,930 cases and 175 deaths were recorded. In 2023, approximately 159,220 infections and 179 deaths were reported. The provinces of Trat, Nan, Chanthaburi, Rayong, and Mae Hong Son, as well as the capital Bangkok, were particularly affected. Very good protection against daytime mosquitoes is recommended, and vaccination is also recommended.
Security Notice
Thailand
On the morning of March 28, 2025, an earthquake measuring 7.7 on the Richter scale and an aftershock measuring 6.4 on the Richter scale struck near Mandalay, Myanmar. The reverberations of the earthquake were felt across much of Thailand, including Bangkok. Further aftershocks cannot be ruled out. The instructions of the security forces and local authorities should be followed, and current media reports should be followed during your stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Sun Protection
USA
Since the beginning of 2021, the sale of so-called reef-toxic sunscreens, including products containing oxybenzone (BP3) and octinoxate, has been banned in the state of Hawaii. These substances are suspected of having harmful effects on corals and other marine life.
Avian Flu
USA
In January of this year, a child in San Francisco, California, was confirmed to be infected with influenza A(H5N1). The source of the infection is currently unknown. In mid-February, a woman in Wyoming became ill for the first time. Last year, 70 human cases were reported. Most of the illnesses presented with mild symptoms, such as conjunctivitis and mild flu-like symptoms. Those affected had contact with infected dairy cattle. Contact with poultry or infected wild birds resulted in one death in the state of Louisiana, a patient over 65 years of age. In the US, the outbreak began in birds in 2022, and since then, approximately 1,390 poultry farms (commercial and private) in 50 states have been affected. In 2024, influenza A(H5N1) was first confirmed in dairy cows, affecting approximately 1,000 animals in 16 states.
Intestinal Infections
Vietnam
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide; cholera is also endemic. Observe food and drinking water hygiene.
Dengue
Vietnam
Since the beginning of this year, 6,945 infections have been reported. Last year, approximately 138,345 cases and 26 deaths were recorded nationwide. In 2023, approximately 167,340 cases and 46 deaths were reported. In 2022, approximately 367,730 cases and 140 deaths were recorded. The number of cases was about five times higher than in 2021. Very good protection against daytime mosquitoes is important, and vaccination is recommended.
Import Regulations
Vietnam
As of January 1, 2025, the import, possession, and use of all electronic cigarettes (including vaporizers, tobacco heaters, etc.) and associated equipment are prohibited. Fines of up to 3 billion VND (approximately 115,000 euros) or up to 15 years’ imprisonment are possible (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
Vietnam
In January, the first suspected case of the year was reported in Dak Lak province. By mid-February, three more infections had been registered in various provinces. More than 80 deaths were reported nationwide last year. The provinces of Binh Thuan, Dak Lak, Nghe An, and Gia Lai were particularly affected. A total of 82 people died from rabies infection in 2023. In case of suspected animal contact, a doctor should be consulted immediately. Preventive vaccination is strongly recommended, especially in cases of foreseeable risk and for longer stays. Consultation with a doctor experienced in travel medicine should be sought well in advance of travel.
Avian Flu
Vietnam
In March of last year, an infection with influenza A(H9N2) was reported for the first time in Vietnam. At the beginning of December last year, an 18-year-old man from Long An Province contracted influenza A(H5N1). In March, a 21-year-old student contracted influenza A(H5N1) and subsequently died. He had previously caught wild birds. After a gap of more than eight years, a 5-year-old girl became ill with an influenza H5 virus in October 2022. She had consumed meat from infected chickens and ducks. Between 2003 and 2014, a total of 128 people nationwide contracted influenza A(H5N1), resulting in 65 deaths. All affected individuals had documented animal contact. Since 2014, numerous outbreaks have been recorded in domestic poultry across the country, and more than 129,000 birds have been culled. At the end of May 2023, an outbreak occurred in Quang Ngai Province, affecting approximately 1,700 infected ducks. Poultry vaccination is widespread in the country. Since 2014, repeated outbreaks of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported in poultry farms. Since the beginning of 2021, three outbreaks have been reported in two provinces. There have been no human cases to date.
zdroj/source: https://crm.de/aktuelles/
by broucek.milos | Feb 27, 2025 | Vaccination updates
Yellow fever
Brazil
In the state of São Paulo, 11 infections have already been confirmed this year. 8 people have died. In the state of Tocantins, a worker from Peru fell ill in mid-February. The Ministry of Health has warned tourists of an increase in the number of cases and advised them to get vaccinated. Last year, 8 infections in humans were confirmed nationwide. There were 4 deaths. Vaccination is recommended for stays in Brazil.
Oropouche fever
Brazil
Since the beginning of this year, 4,310 infections have already been reported. Most cases were registered in the state of Espirito Santo (SW). Last year, the number of confirmed infections nationwide rose to around 13,780, and 4 people died. In 2023, 832 cases were confirmed nationwide, most of them from the state of Amazonas (NW). The virus is transmitted by midges and predominantly nocturnal mosquitoes. The disease leads to an acute febrile syndrome including joint and limb pain and vomiting. Pay attention to mosquito protection.
Dengue
Mali
Since the beginning of this year, 356 cases have been reported. Last year, around 9,540 suspected cases were reported and 1,428 infections were confirmed. 13 people have died. Nationwide, around 6,180 suspected cases were reported in 2023 and around 860 infections were confirmed. 34 people have died. It is important to ensure that you have very good protection against day-active mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Malaria
Namibia
Since the beginning of November last year, the number of cases in the areas where the disease is spread in the north of the country has been increasing. By mid-January this year, a total of around 5,900 cases and 28 deaths had been reported. Very good mosquito protection should always be observed; depending on the outbreak situation and travel route, taking emergency medication or chemoprophylaxis with you is recommended.
Dengue
Puerto Rico
Last year, around 6,290 suspected cases were reported, most of them in the capital, San Juan. 11 people died. In 2023, around 1,245 suspected cases were registered. The last major outbreak occurred in 2013. It is important to ensure that you have very good protection against day-active mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Chikungunya
Réunion
Since the end of August last year, around 1,070 infections have been confirmed, particularly in the west and south of the island. The popular tourist town of Saint-Gilles-les-Bains is also affected. Take precautions against mosquitoes.
Intestinal infections
Egypt
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. In recent years, there have been repeated cases of infections with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) in returning travelers, especially from Hurghada. Hepatitis A is also very common. Raw salads and insufficiently cooked food should be avoided. Tap water should not be drunk. Pay attention to food hygiene and vaccinations.
Safety note
Egypt
Travel to the north of the Sinai Peninsula, the Egyptian-Israeli border area (with the exception of Taba) and remote areas of the Sahara is warned against. Unaccompanied, individual excursions and overland trips in the south of the Sinai Peninsula are not recommended (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Dengue
Australia
Since the beginning of this year, around 250 infections have been reported, most of them in the states of Western Australia and New South Wales. Last year, around 2,350 cases were reported nationwide. The states of Western Australia, New South Wales and Victoria were particularly affected. It is important to ensure that you have very good protection against day-active mosquitoes; vaccination may be advisable.
Japanese encephalitis
Australia
After the virus was detected in wild boars and mosquitoes during routine environmental monitoring in December last year, the health authorities in the states of Victoria and New South Wales (NSW) warned of transmission to humans. The first suspected case in humans has already been reported in Victoria. In mid-January this year, a man in the state of Queensland fell ill. In mid-February, a case was reported in New South Wales; the infection occurred in December or January. Pay careful attention to mosquito protection and consider vaccination if necessary.
Pertussis
Australia
By mid-February this year, around 6,430 cases had been reported. Last year, around 57,145 cases were reported nationwide, most of them in the states of Queensland and New South Wales. A baby has died. These are the highest number of cases since 1991. In 2023, a total of around 2,440 cases were recorded nationwide. Before staying abroad, standard vaccinations should always be checked and supplemented if necessary.
Ross River fever
Australia
Since the beginning of this year, around 145 cases have already been reported. Around 3,340 cases were reported nationwide last year. The state of Queensland is particularly affected. Take precautions against mosquitoes.
Chikungunya
Brazil
In the first 6 weeks of this year, around 24,070 suspected cases were reported nationwide. 7 people have died. Last year, around 422,615 suspected cases and 213 deaths were reported nationwide. In 2023, around 256,930 suspected cases were registered nationwide, and around 146,250 infections were confirmed. 106 people died. In mid-2014, health authorities reported the first local infections. Since then, the infection has spread nationwide. Be sure to protect yourself from mosquitoes.
Dengue
Brazil
There is a high risk of dengue throughout the country. Since the beginning of this year, around 399,150 suspected cases have been reported nationwide. 72 people have died. The state of São Paulo is particularly affected. Last year, around 10,232,875 suspected cases and 6,103 confirmed deaths were registered nationwide. Compared to the previous year, the number of cases has more than tripled. It is important to ensure that you have very good protection against diurnal mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Yellow fever
Brazil
In the state of São Paulo, 11 infections have already been confirmed this year. 8 people have died. In the state of Tocantins, a worker from Peru fell ill in mid-February. The Ministry of Health has warned tourists of an increase in the number of cases and advised them to get vaccinated. Last year, 8 infections in humans were confirmed nationwide. There were 4 deaths. Vaccination is recommended for stays in Brazil.
Oropouche fever
Brazil
Since the beginning of this year, 4,310 infections have already been reported. Most cases were registered in the state of Espirito Santo (SW). Last year, the number of confirmed infections nationwide rose to around 13,780, and 4 people died. In 2023, 832 cases were confirmed nationwide, most of them from the state of Amazonas (NW). The virus is transmitted by midges and predominantly nocturnal mosquitoes. The disease leads to an acute febrile syndrome including joint and limb pain and vomiting. Pay attention to mosquito protection.
Rabies
Brazil
Worldwide, most infections are transmitted by (stray) dogs, in Brazil there is also transmission through contact with bats and marmosets. According to the Ministry of Health, 108 cases were confirmed nationwide between 2005 and 2024, most of them from the northeast. The risk of rabies should always be part of travel medical advice, also in view of the limited availability of suitable vaccines and immunoglobulin in the country. Prophylactic vaccination is recommended, especially for longer stays.
Intestinal infections
Dominican Republic
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. The Dominican Republic is one of the holiday countries with the highest number of cases of travel diarrhea. Since October 2022, around 110 cholera infections have been reported. One person has died. The majority were registered in the capital, Santo Domingo. Pay attention to hygiene, possibly consider vaccination.
Dengue
Dominican Republic
Since the beginning of this year, around 150 suspected cases have been registered. Last year, around 10,250 cases were registered. 12 people died. In 2023, around 27,970 suspected cases were registered. 62 people died. Very good protection against day-active mosquitoes is important, and vaccination is also recommended.
Entry requirements
Dominican Republic
The Dominican government has completely sealed the border with Haiti since September 15, 2023 until further notice. Travel by land, air or sea between the two countries is currently not possible (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Malaria
Dominican Republic
By the end of January this year, 1,190 cases had been reported. Last year, around 1,035 infections were confirmed, and the number of cases has roughly tripled compared to the previous year. Very good mosquito protection is always a must, and taking emergency medication with you can be a good idea for many parts of the country.
Intestinal infections
India
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. Cholera is to be expected regionally. Typhoid, paratyphoid and the orally transmitted forms of hepatitis are endemic throughout India. Anthrax occurs repeatedly among locals in both the cutaneous and intestinal forms. Pay attention to hygiene and vaccinations.
Dengue
India
Around 186,570 cases were registered nationwide by October last year. 160 people have died. The states of Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are particularly affected. In 2023, around 234,430 cases and 91 deaths were reported. In 2022, around 233,250 infections and 303 deaths were recorded. Very good protection against day-active mosquitoes is important, and vaccination is also recommended.
Japanese encephalitis
India
At the end of November 2024, the first infection since 2011 was reported in the west of the capital New Delhi. Last year, 1,328 cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) were registered nationwide. 93 people died. Most infections were again registered in the state of Assam (NO). In 2023, 1,097 cases and 56 deaths were officially reported nationwide. Carry out exposure prophylaxis and possibly vaccination!
Malaria
India
Since January last year, around 238,500 cases have been reported nationwide. 47 people have died. Most of the infections come from the states of Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand. In 2023, around 223,960 cases were registered, 72 people have died. Very good mosquito protection should always be observed, it is usually advisable to take emergency medication with you and, depending on the outbreak, chemoprophylaxis should also be discussed.
Safety note
India
Travel to Jammu and Kashmir and Manipur is currently strongly discouraged. Demonstrations and large gatherings of people should generally be avoided and the instructions of the security forces should be followed. In addition, current media reports should be followed during a stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
India
India is one of the countries in the world with the highest number of cases in animals and humans. In the state of Kerala (S), the number of bites by stray dogs has more than doubled since 2017 and the number of rabies deaths has roughly tripled. The main carrier is the (stray) dog. The big cities are also affected. If you have suspicious contact with an animal, see a doctor immediately and make sure that modern tissue culture vaccines are used. A preventive vaccination is recommended for all travelers.
Zika virus
India
In the state of Gujarat (W), 500 people have fallen ill by the beginning of November last year. Since June last year, 109 infections and 5 deaths have been confirmed in the city of Pune (state of Maharashtra, W). The virus is present in large parts of the country. Be careful of mosquito protection.
Intestinal infections
Indonesia
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. Cholera outbreaks are reported sporadically from West Papua, and typhoid is to be expected. Continue to observe hygiene and vaccination against typhoid.
Dengue
Indonesia
According to press reports, 159 cases and 2 deaths were reported in January this year in the Garut district (Jawa Bara province) on the island of Java. By mid-October last year, around 203,921 infections had been confirmed nationwide. 1,210 people have died. It is important to ensure that you have very good protection against day-active mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Entry requirements
Indonesia
Due to the increasing number of monkeypox cases worldwide, the authorities have adjusted the entry requirements. Since August 29, 2024, travelers must fill out the electronic health questionnaire at the Ministry of Health (https://sshp.kemkes.go.id/) before entering the country (departure) and receive a QR code that must be presented at check-in and upon entry.
Poliomyelitis
Indonesia
Last year, 7 infections with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) were reported. In 2023, a total of 6 infections with infections were confirmed on the islands of Sumatra and Java. A child had already fallen ill on the island of Sumatra in November 2022. This is the first case of polio detected in the country since 2019. The emergence of VDPV makes the country a country with a potential risk of international spread of the pathogen. As a result, all persons (locals and tourists) who have stayed in the country for more than 4 weeks should be able to show proof of vaccination against polio upon leaving the country. The vaccination must take place between 4 weeks and one year before departure and be documented in an internationally valid vaccination certificate.
Safety notice
Indonesia
Non-essential travel to five of the six provinces of the Indonesian part of the island of New Guinea (Papua, Papua Barat, Papua Pegunungan, Papua Tengah and Papua Selatan) is not recommended. Large crowds should generally be avoided and the instructions of the security forces should be followed. In addition, current media reports should be followed during a stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Dengue
Maldives
The number of new infections has risen sharply since the end of March last year, and by the end of August around 3,090 people had fallen ill. The number of cases is now significantly higher than the comparable figures for the last 2 years. A total of around 3,420 cases were reported in 2023. Very good protection against diurnal mosquitoes should be ensured, and vaccination is also recommended.
Safety notice
South Africa
The South African National Park Service is making every effort to ensure the safety of tourists in and around the Kruger National Park and has set up the following helpline for travelers to the Mpumalanga province: +27-(0)6630 0 0991. It is recommended that you avoid using the R335 via Motherwell to get to Addo Elephant Park from Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha) and alternatively use the N2 via Colchester. Demonstrations and large crowds should generally be avoided and the instructions of the security forces should be followed. In addition, current media reports should be followed during a stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
South Africa
Since the beginning of last year, 3 deaths have been registered. In 2023, 11 cases were confirmed in humans, compared to 13 in 2022. The provinces of Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape were particularly affected. A sharp increase in rabid dogs has been observed nationwide since 2022. Rabies occurs in animals nationwide, affecting jackals, mongooses, cows, unvaccinated dogs and cats, among others. At the beginning of June, an infection in a South African fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus) was confirmed for the first time in Cape Town. By the end of July, 14 more cases had been registered. According to the Cape Town City Council, 8 people have now been bitten and all have been asked to seek treatment. The population should keep themselves and their dogs away from the seals in the entire coastal region of the Cape Peninsula. The most common source of infection for humans is dog bites. If there is contact with such animals, seek medical attention immediately; if there is a foreseeable risk and a longer stay, preventive vaccination is recommended.
Intestinal infections
Tanzania
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. Localized cholera outbreaks occur regularly. There have been outbreaks in 23 regions since September 2023. Pay careful attention to hygiene and consider vaccination if necessary.
Entry requirements
Tanzania
Effective October 1, 2024, all visitors to Zanzibar (except residents with Tanzanian residency permits) must take out mandatory entry insurance from the Zanzibar Insurance Corporation (ZIC) for the duration of their stay (up to 92 days). This insurance can only be taken out with ZIC. Other international travel insurance policies are not accepted. The policies can be purchased from September 1, 2024. The current cost is USD 44 per person. For more information, see the Visit Zanzibar website (https://visitzanzibar.go.tz/). Entry may be refused if the correct insurance is not shown.
Entry vaccination requirements
Tanzania
The risk of infection with yellow fever in Tanzania is classified by the WHO as low, and vaccination is not generally recommended. According to the official entry vaccination requirements (ITH 2020), a yellow fever vaccination is required for people over 1 year of age when entering from endemic areas. Experience has shown that the regulations change frequently and the information provided by the various authorities differs from one another. The regulations are sometimes interpreted and handled differently at some airports (Kilimanjaro Airport in Arusha) or by individual border officials. Contrary to official information, a yellow fever vaccination is often required when entering Zanzibar. An official statement from the Zanzibar Ministry of Health is published on the website of the Federal Foreign Office.
Marburg virus
Tanzania
In January of this year, the Ministry of Health reported an outbreak in the Kagera district (N). So far, 10 cases have been reported, all patients have died. Suspicion of Marburg virus was confirmed in 2 patients. The greatest risk of infection is contact with body fluids (blood, urine, stool) when caring for patients. Flying foxes are a reservoir of the virus. Transmission occurs through direct contact with infected animals, but infections after visits to so-called bat caves have also been described. The risk of infection for (tourist) travelers is low.
Poliomyelitis
Tanzania
No infections were reported last year. In July 2023, the first infection with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) was reported. One further infection was reported at the beginning of September and at the end of December. Due to the emergence of cVDPV2, the country is formally one of the countries with a potential risk of international spread of the pathogen. As a result, all people (locals and tourists) who have stayed in the country for more than 4 weeks must show proof of polio vaccination when leaving the country. The vaccination must take place between 4 weeks and one year before departure and be documented in an internationally valid vaccination certificate. Pay attention to vaccination protection.
Intestinal infections
Thailand
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide, and small outbreaks of cholera are also to be expected locally. Pay attention to hygiene.
Dengue
Thailand
Since the beginning of this year, 4,005 infections and 4 deaths have been reported. Last year, around 102,930 cases and 175 deaths were registered. In 2023, around 159,220 infections and 179 deaths were reported. The provinces of Trat, Nan, Chanthaburi, Rayong and Mae Hong Son, as well as the capital Bangkok, were particularly affected. It is important to ensure very good protection against day-active mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Dengue
USA
At the end of November, the first autochthonous infection in the state of Texas last year was reported in Cameron County. In the state of Florida, 74 local infections were reported by the beginning of December last year. The counties affected are Miami-Dade, Pasco, Hillsborough, Monroe, Palm Beach, Broward, Orange, Manatee, Polk and Sarasota. The health authorities in Los Angeles County (California) have recorded 15 local infections since the beginning of September. At the beginning of October, the authorities confirmed a case in San Diego County for the first time. It is important to ensure that you have very good protection against day-active mosquitoes, and vaccination may be recommended if you are staying in affected areas.
Pertussis
USA
Last year, around 32,000 cases were reported by mid-December, which is around six times as many as in the same period last year. A small child died in the state of Washington. Before staying abroad, standard vaccinations should always be checked and supplemented if necessary.
Sun protection
USA
Since the beginning of 2021, the sale of so-called reef-toxic sunscreens has been banned in the state of Hawaii, including products containing oxybenzone (BP3) and octinoxate. These substances are suspected of having a harmful effect on corals and other marine life.
Rabies
USA
At the end of November last year, a death was reported in Fresno County (California). The infection was caused by a bat bite. At the end of September, a person around 65 years old died in the state of Minnesota. At the end of July, he had contact with a bat. Human cases of rabies are rare in the USA. After suspicious animal contact, a doctor should be consulted immediately.
Bird flu
USA
In January of this year, a child in San Francisco (California) was confirmed to have been infected with influenza A(H5N1). The source of the infection is not yet known. In mid-February, a woman in the state of Wyoming fell ill for the first time. Last year, 70 cases were reported in humans. Most of the illnesses had mild symptoms, such as conjunctivitis and mild flu-like symptoms. Those affected had contact with infected dairy cattle. Contact with poultry or infected wild birds resulted in one death in the state of Louisiana, a patient over 65 years old. In the USA, the outbreak began in birds in 2022, and since then around 1,390 poultry farms (commercial and private) in 50 states have been affected. In 2024, influenza A(H5N1) was first confirmed in dairy cows, affecting around 1,000 animals in 16 states.
West Nile fever
USA
By mid-December last year, 1,353 infections and at least 18 deaths had been registered. Most infections come from the states of Texas, California, Mississippi and Nebraska. The peak of the season is from July to October, but transmission is possible all year round. Be careful with mosquito protection.
Intestinal infections
Vietnam
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide, cholera is also endemic. Pay attention to food and drinking water hygiene.
Rabies
Vietnam
In January, the first suspected case of this year was reported in Dak Lak province. By mid-February, 3 more infections had been registered in various provinces. Last year, more than 80 deaths were reported nationwide. The provinces of Binh Thuan, Dak Lak, Nghe An and Gia Lai were particularly affected. In 2023, a total of 82 people died of rabies infection. If there is suspicious contact with animals, a doctor should be consulted immediately. A preventive vaccination is strongly recommended, especially if there is a foreseeable risk and for longer stays. Consultation with a doctor experienced in travel medicine should be carried out well in advance of the trip.
Bird flu
Vietnam
In March last year, an infection with influenza A(H9N2) was reported for the first time in Vietnam. At the beginning of December last year, an 18-year-old man from Long An province contracted influenza A(H5N1). In March, a 21-year-old student contracted influenza A(H5N1) and subsequently died. He had previously caught wild birds. After a break of more than 8 years, a 5-year-old girl became ill with an influenza virus H5 in October 2022. She had eaten meat from sick chickens and ducks. Between 2003 and 2014, a total of 128 people nationwide contracted influenza A(H5N1), and there were 65 deaths. All those affected had evidence of animal contact. Since 2014, numerous outbreaks have been registered in domestic poultry across the country, and more than 129,000 animals have been killed. At the end of May 2023, there was an outbreak in Quang Ngai province with around 1,700 sick ducks. Vaccination of poultry is widespread in the country. Since 2014, outbreaks of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported repeatedly in poultry farms. Since the beginning of 2021, 3 outbreaks have already been reported in 2 provinces. There have been no human cases to date.
by broucek.milos | Jan 23, 2025 | Vaccination updates
Japanese encephalitis
Australia
After the virus was detected in wild boars and mosquitoes during routine environmental monitoring in December last year, the health authorities in the states of Victoria and New South Wales warned of transmission to humans. The first suspected case in humans has already been reported in Victoria. In mid-January this year, a man in the state of Queensland fell ill. Be careful to protect yourself from mosquitoes and consider vaccination if necessary.
Yellow fever
Brazil
In the state of São Paulo, 2 infections have already been confirmed this year. Last year, a total of 3 infections in humans were confirmed. One case of illness and one death were reported in the state of São Paulo, and one person died in the state of Amazonas. Vaccination is recommended for stays in Brazil.
Malaria
Dominican Republic
By the end of December last year, around 1,035 infections had been confirmed, and the number of cases has tripled compared to the previous year. Very good mosquito protection should always be observed, and taking emergency medication with you can be useful for many parts of the country.
Dengue
Guadeloupe
The number of cases has been rising significantly since October 2022. Around 250 suspected cases have already been reported since the beginning of this year. Last year, 11,025 suspected cases were reported. In 2023, around 11,750 suspected cases were registered, compared to 790 in the whole of the previous year. 7 people have died. The municipalities of Petit-Bourg, Basse-Terre and Vieux-Habitants are particularly affected. Very good protection against diurnal mosquitoes is important, and vaccination is also recommended.
Malaria
Namibia
According to press reports, the number of cases in the endemic areas in the north of the country has increased since the beginning of November last year. By the end of December, a total of around 3,175 cases and 19 deaths had been reported. Very good mosquito protection is always required; depending on the outbreak situation and travel route, taking emergency medication or chemoprophylaxis with you is recommended.
Dengue
Sudan
In January of this year, 126 suspected cases were reported in the state of Gharb Kurdufan (S). 5 people died. Last year, more than 6,000 cases and 3 deaths were registered nationwide. Very good protection against diurnal mosquitoes is important; vaccination may be useful.
Intestinal infections
Egypt
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. In recent years, there have been repeated cases of infections with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) in returning travelers, especially from Hurghada. Hepatitis A is also very common. Raw salads and insufficiently cooked food should be avoided. Tap water should not be drunk. Pay attention to food hygiene and vaccinations.
Safety note
Egypt
Travel to the north of the Sinai Peninsula, the Egyptian-Israeli border area (with the exception of Taba) and remote areas of the Sahara is warned against. Unaccompanied, individual excursions and overland trips in the south of the Sinai Peninsula are not recommended (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Dengue
Australia
Since the beginning of this year, 23 infections have been reported, most of them in the states of Western Australia and New South Wales. Last year, around 2,320 cases were reported nationwide. The states of Western Australia, New South Wales and Victoria were particularly affected. It is important to ensure that you have very good protection against diurnal mosquitoes; vaccination may be advisable.
Japanese encephalitis
Australia
After the virus was detected in wild boars and mosquitoes during routine environmental monitoring in December last year, the health authorities in the states of Victoria and New South Wales warned of transmission to humans. The first suspected human case has already been reported in Victoria. In mid-January this year, a man in the state of Queensland fell ill. Be careful with mosquito protection and consider vaccination if necessary.
Pertussis
Australia
By mid-January this year, 1,700 cases had been reported. Last year, around 56,980 cases were reported nationwide, most of them in the states of Queensland and New South Wales. One baby died. These are the highest number of cases since 2016. In 2023, a total of around 2,440 cases were recorded nationwide. Before staying abroad, standard vaccination protection should always be checked and supplemented if necessary.
Ross River fever
Australia
15 cases have already been reported since the beginning of this year. Around 3,340 cases were reported nationwide last year. The state of Queensland is particularly affected. Be careful with mosquito protection.
Chikungunya
Brazil
253 infections have already been reported in the first 2 weeks of this year. Last year, around 422,615 suspected cases and 213 deaths were reported nationwide. In 2023, around 256,930 suspected cases were registered nationwide, and around 146,250 infections were confirmed. 106 people died. In mid-2014, health authorities reported the first local infections. Since then, the infection has spread nationwide. Be careful with mosquito protection.
Dengue
Brazil
There is a high risk of dengue throughout the country. Since the beginning of this year, around 9,380 suspected cases have already been reported. Last year, around 10,188,220 suspected cases and 6,052 confirmed deaths were registered nationwide. Compared to the previous year, the number of cases has more than tripled. The authorities in 7 of the 27 federal states (Acre, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and the Federal District) have declared a health emergency due to the epidemiological situation. In 2023, around 3,028,600 suspected cases were registered nationwide, and 1,094 people died. It is important to ensure very good protection against diurnal mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Yellow fever
Brazil
In the state of São Paulo, 2 infections have already been confirmed this year. Last year, a total of 3 infections in humans were confirmed. One case of illness and one death were reported in the state of São Paulo, and one person died in the state of Amazonas. Vaccination is recommended for stays in Brazil.
Oropouche fever
Brazil
Since the beginning of last year, around 3,230 infections have been confirmed in the state of Amazonas. At the end of February, one case of illness was reported in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Since the beginning of February, further cases have been reported in the states of Rondonia, Acre, Para, Roraima and Tocantins. Outside the Amazon region, the following states are affected: Bahia, Espírito Santo, Santa Catarina, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Piaui, Pernambuco, Ceará and Maranhao. In March, a 24-year-old woman died in the state of Bahia. Nationwide, the number of cases has risen to around 9,565, 2 people have died. The virus is transmitted by midges and predominantly nocturnal mosquitoes. The disease leads to an acute febrile syndrome including joint and limb pain and vomiting. Observe mosquito protection.
Intestinal infections
Dominican Republic
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. The Dominican Republic is one of the holiday destinations with the highest number of cases of travel diarrhea. Since October 2022, around 110 cholera infections have been reported. One person has died. The majority were registered in the capital, Santo Domingo. Pay attention to hygiene, consider vaccination if necessary.
Dengue
Dominican Republic
Last year, around 10,250 cases were registered. 12 people died. In 2023, around 27,970 suspected cases were registered. 62 people died. It is important to ensure that you have very good protection against diurnal mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Entry requirements
Dominican Republic
The Dominican government has completely sealed off the border with Haiti since September 15, 2023 until further notice. Travel by land, air or sea between the two countries is currently not possible (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Malaria
Dominican Republic
By the end of December last year, around 1,035 infections had been confirmed, and the number of cases has tripled compared to the previous year. Very good mosquito protection should always be observed, and taking emergency medication with you can be useful for many parts of the country.
Intestinal infections
India
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. Cholera can be expected regionally. Typhoid, paratyphoid and the orally transmitted forms of hepatitis are endemic throughout India. Anthrax is a recurring problem among locals in both the cutaneous and intestinal forms. Pay attention to hygiene and vaccinations.
Dengue
India
Around 186,570 cases were registered nationwide by October last year. 160 people have died. The states of Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are particularly affected. In 2023, around 234,430 cases and 91 deaths were reported. In 2022, around 233,250 infections and 303 deaths were recorded. It is important to ensure very good protection against diurnal mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Japanese encephalitis
India
At the end of November 2024, the first infection since 2011 was reported in the west of the capital New Delhi. Last year, 1,328 cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) were registered nationwide. 93 people died. Most infections were again registered in the state of Assam (NO). In 2023, 1,097 cases and 56 deaths were officially reported nationwide. Carry out exposure prophylaxis and possibly vaccination!
Malaria
India
Since January last year, around 238,500 cases have been reported nationwide. 47 people have died. Most infections come from the states of Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand. In 2023, around 223,960 cases were registered and 72 people died. Very good mosquito protection should always be observed, it is usually advisable to take emergency medication with you and, depending on the outbreak, chemoprophylaxis should also be discussed.
Safety advice
India
Travel to Jammu and Kashmir and Manipur is currently strongly discouraged. Demonstrations and large gatherings of people should generally be avoided and the instructions of the security forces should be followed. In addition, current media reports should be followed during a stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Smog
India
Air pollution is currently extremely high in New Delhi and in the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT) surrounding the capital. Burning crop residues in the fields in the area regularly increases pollution, particularly from fine dust, at this time of year. Young children, the elderly and those with chronic respiratory diseases are particularly at risk. They are advised to stay indoors during peak periods, avoid physical exertion and possibly wear breathing masks. Travelers should follow local media reports closely.
Rabies
India
Last year, 16 people died in the state of Meghalaya (NE), with the districts of West Khasi Hills and West Jaintia Hills particularly affected. In the state of Tamil Nadu (S), 22 people died of rabies last year. In March last year, one case of the disease and 3 deaths were reported in the state of Manipur (NE). In 2023, deaths were reported in several states. In September 2023, the first death since 2017 was reported in the state of Goa (W). India is one of the countries in the world with the highest number of cases in animals and humans. A total of around 310 people died in 2022. The main carrier is the (stray) dog. The big cities are also affected. In the event of suspicious animal contact, seek medical attention immediately and make sure that modern tissue culture vaccines are used. A preventive vaccination is recommended for all travelers.
Zika virus
India
In the state of Gujarat (W) 500 people had fallen ill by the beginning of November last year. Since June last year 109 infections and 5 deaths have been confirmed in the city of Pune (state of Maharashtra, W). The virus is present in large parts of the country. Be careful of mosquito protection.
Intestinal infections
Indonesia
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. Cholera outbreaks are reported sporadically from West Papua, typhoid is to be expected. Continue to observe hygiene and vaccination against typhoid.
Dengue
Indonesia
By mid-September last year around 203,921 infections had been confirmed nationwide. 1,210 people have died. The health authorities in the province of Bali have warned tourists of an increase in the number of cases and according to press reports they and locals are being advised to get vaccinated. It is important to ensure very good protection against day-active mosquitoes and vaccination is also recommended.
Entry requirements
Indonesia
Due to the increasing number of monkeypox cases worldwide, the authorities have adjusted the entry requirements. Since August 29, 2024, travelers must fill out the electronic health questionnaire at the Ministry of Health (https://sshp.kemkes.go.id/) before entering the country (departure) and receive a QR code that must be presented at check-in and upon entry.
Poliomyelitis
Indonesia
Last year, 7 infections with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) were reported. In 2023, a total of 6 infections with infections were confirmed on the islands of Sumatra and Java. A child had already fallen ill on the island of Sumatra in November 2022. This is the first case of polio detected in the country since 2019. The emergence of VDPV makes the country a country with a potential risk of the pathogen spreading internationally. As a result, all people (locals and tourists) who have stayed in the country for more than 4 weeks should be able to show proof of polio vaccination upon departure. The vaccination must take place between 4 weeks and one year before departure and be documented in an internationally valid vaccination certificate.
Safety note
Indonesia
Non-essential travel to five of the six provinces of the Indonesian part of the island of New Guinea (Papua, Papua Barat, Papua Pegunungan, Papua Tengah and Papua Selatan) is not recommended. Large crowds should generally be avoided and the instructions of the security forces should be followed. In addition, current media reports should be followed during a stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Dengue
Maldives
The number of new infections has risen sharply since the end of March last year, and by the end of August around 3,090 people had fallen ill. The number of cases is now significantly higher than the comparable figures for the last 2 years. A total of around 3,420 cases were reported in 2023. Very good protection against diurnal mosquitoes is important, and vaccination is also recommended.
Safety notice
South Africa
The South African National Park Administration is making every effort to ensure the safety of tourists in and around the Kruger National Park and has set up the following helpline for travelers to the Mpumalanga province: +27-(0)6630 0 0991. It is recommended that you avoid using the R335 via Motherwell to get to Addo Elephant Park from Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha) and instead use the N2 via Colchester. Demonstrations and large gatherings of people should generally be avoided and the instructions of the security forces should be followed. In addition, current media reports should be followed during a stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
South Africa
3 deaths have been registered since the beginning of last year. In 2023, 11 cases were confirmed in humans, and in 2022 there were 13. The provinces of Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape were particularly affected. A sharp increase in rabid dogs has been observed nationwide since 2022. Rabies occurs in animals nationwide, affecting jackals, mongooses, cows, unvaccinated dogs and cats, among others. At the beginning of June, an infection in a South African fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus) was confirmed for the first time in Cape Town. By the end of July, 14 more cases had been registered. According to the Cape Town City Council, 8 people have now also been bitten, all of whom have been asked to seek treatment. The population should keep themselves and their dogs away from the seals in the entire coastal region of the Cape Peninsula. The most common source of infection for humans is dog bites. If there is contact with such animals, seek medical attention immediately; preventive vaccination is recommended if there is a foreseeable risk and the stay is longer.
Intestinal infections
Tanzania
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. Localized outbreaks of cholera occur regularly. There have been outbreaks in 23 regions since September 2023. Pay careful attention to hygiene and consider vaccination if necessary.
Entry requirements
Tanzania
With effect from October 1, 2024, all visitors to Zanzibar (except residents with Tanzanian residency permits) must take out mandatory entry insurance from the Zanzibar Insurance Corporation (ZIC) for the duration of their stay (up to 92 days). This insurance can only be taken out with ZIC. Other international travel insurance policies are not accepted. The policies can be purchased from September 1, 2024. The cost is currently USD 44 per person.
Entry vaccination requirements
Tanzania
The risk of infection with yellow fever in Tanzania is classified by the WHO as low, and vaccination is not generally recommended. According to the official entry vaccination requirements (ITH 2020), a yellow fever vaccination is required for people older than 1 year when entering from endemic areas. Experience has shown that the regulations change frequently and the information provided by the various authorities differs from one another. The regulations are sometimes interpreted and handled differently at some airports (Kilimanjaro Airport in Arusha) or by individual border officials. Contrary to official information, a yellow fever vaccination is often required when entering Zanzibar. An official statement from the Zanzibar Ministry of Health is published on the website of the Federal Foreign Office.
Poliomyelitis
Tanzania
The first infection with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) was reported in July 2023. Another infection was reported at the beginning of September and at the end of December. Due to the emergence of cVDPV2, the country is formally one of the countries with a potential risk of international spread of the pathogen. As a result, all persons (locals and tourists) who have stayed in the country for more than 4 weeks must show proof of vaccination against polio when leaving the country. The vaccination must be carried out between 4 weeks and one year before departure and must be documented in an internationally valid vaccination certificate. Pay attention to vaccination protection.
Intestinal infections
Thailand
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide, local smaller outbreaks of cholera are also to be expected. Pay attention to hygiene.
Dengue
Thailand
Since the beginning of last year, around 102,930 cases of illness and 175 deaths have been registered. In 2023, around 159,220 infections and 179 deaths were reported. The provinces of Trat, Nan, Chanthaburi, Rayong and Mae Hong Son as well as the capital Bangkok were particularly affected. It is important to ensure that you have very good protection against day-active mosquitoes, and vaccination is also recommended.
Dengue
USA
At the end of November, the first autochthonous infection in the state of Texas last year was reported in Cameron County. In the state of Florida, 74 local infections were reported by the beginning of December last year. The counties affected are Miami-Dade, Pasco, Hillsborough, Monroe, Palm Beach, Broward, Orange, Manatee, Polk and Sarasota. The health authorities in Los Angeles County (California) have recorded 15 local infections since the beginning of September. At the beginning of October, the authorities confirmed a case in San Diego County for the first time. It is important to ensure that you have very good protection against day-active mosquitoes, and vaccination may be recommended if you are staying in affected areas.
Pertussis
USA
Last year, around 28,170 cases were reported by mid-November, which is around five times as many as in the same period last year. Before staying abroad, you should always check your standard vaccinations and supplement them if necessary.
Safety notice
USA
The northern Los Angeles metropolitan area is currently affected by several, sometimes severe, wildfires. In addition, new fires keep breaking out in different places. Evacuation measures are in force for individual areas. Power outages can occur throughout the Los Angeles metropolitan area, even far away from fires. There is also an increased risk of bush and forest fires in other states (Oregon, Washington, etc.), especially in the south and southwest of the USA. The instructions of the security forces and local authorities should be followed, and the latest media reports and announcements from the Los Angeles Fire Department should be followed during a stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Sun protection
USA
Since the beginning of 2021, the sale of so-called reef-toxic sunscreens has been banned in the state of Hawaii, including products containing oxybenzone (BP3) and octinoxate. These substances are suspected of having a harmful effect on corals and other marine life.
Rabies
USA
At the end of November last year, a death was reported in Fresno County (California). The infection was caused by a bat bite. At the end of September, a person aged around 65 died in the state of Minnesota. At the end of July, he had come into contact with a bat. Human cases of rabies are rare in the USA. After suspicious contact with animals, a doctor should be consulted immediately.
Bird flu
USA
In January of this year, a child in San Francisco (California) was confirmed to have been infected with influenza A(H5N1). The source of the infection is not yet known. Last year, 66 cases were reported in humans. Most of the illnesses had mild symptoms, such as conjunctivitis and mild flu-like symptoms. Those affected had come into contact with infected dairy cattle. Contact with poultry or infected wild birds led to the death of a patient over 65 in the state of Louisiana. In the USA, the outbreak in birds began in 2022, and since then around 1,390 poultry farms (commercial and private) in 50 states have been affected. In 2024, influenza A(H5N1) was first confirmed in dairy cows, affecting around 1,000 animals in 16 states.
West Nile fever
USA
By mid-December last year, 1,353 infections and at least 18 deaths had been registered. Most infections come from the states of Texas, California, Mississippi and Nebraska. The peak of the season is from July to October, but transmission is possible all year round. Be careful of mosquito protection.
Intestinal infections
Vietnam
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide, cholera is also endemic. Pay attention to food and drinking water hygiene.
Dengue
Vietnam
Last year, around 138,345 cases of illness and 26 deaths were registered nationwide. In 2023, around 167,340 infections and 46 deaths were reported. In 2022, around 367,730 cases and 140 deaths were registered. The number of cases was around 5 times higher than in 2021. Very good protection against diurnal mosquitoes is important, and vaccination is also recommended.
Import regulations
Vietnam
From January 1, 2025, the import, possession and use of all electronic cigarettes (including vaporizers, tobacco heaters, etc.) and the associated equipment will be prohibited. Fines of up to 3 billion VND (around 115,000 euros) or up to 15 years in prison are threatened (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
Vietnam
In January, the first suspected case of the year was reported in Dak Lak province. Last year, more than 80 deaths were reported nationwide. The provinces of Binh Thuan, Dak Lak, Nghe An and Gia Lai were particularly affected. In 2023, a total of 82 people died of rabies infection. If you have suspicious contact with animals, you should see a doctor immediately. Preventive vaccination is strongly recommended, especially if there is a foreseeable risk and for longer stays. Advice from a doctor experienced in travel medicine should be sought well in advance of your trip.
Bird flu
Vietnam
In March last year, an infection with influenza A(H9N2) was reported for the first time in Vietnam. At the beginning of December last year, an 18-year-old man from Long An province contracted influenza A(H5N1). In March, a 21-year-old student contracted influenza A(H5N1) and subsequently died. He had previously caught wild birds. After a break of more than 8 years, a 5-year-old girl contracted an influenza virus H5 in October 2022. It had eaten meat from sick chickens and ducks. Between 2003 and 2014, a total of 128 people nationwide fell ill with influenza A(H5N1), and there were 65 deaths. All of those affected had evidence of contact with animals. Since 2014, numerous outbreaks have been registered in domestic poultry across the country, and more than 129,000 animals have been killed. At the end of May 2023, there was an outbreak in Quang Ngai province with around 1,700 sick ducks. Vaccination of poultry is widespread in the country. Since 2014, outbreaks of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported repeatedly in poultry farms. Since the beginning of 2021, 3 outbreaks have already been reported in 2 provinces. There have been no human cases to date.
source/ zdroj: https://crm.de/aktuelles/
by broucek.milos | Jan 13, 2025 | Vaccination updates
Poliomyelitis
Germany
In November of this year, vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) was detected in wastewater samples from several cities (Bonn, Cologne, Hamburg, Munich, Dresden, Düsseldorf and Mainz). The Robert Koch Institute advises closing existing vaccination gaps in accordance with the STIKO recommendations.
Monkey pox
Great Britain
At the end of October of this year, the first infection with the clade Ib virus strain was confirmed in London in a traveler returning from Africa. 3 contact persons have since become ill. At the end of November, another infection imported from Uganda was reported in Leeds. The health authorities do not believe there is an increased risk to the population.
Japanese encephalitis
India
At the end of November, the first infection since 2011 was reported in the west of the capital New Delhi. In the first 11 months of this year, around 1,220 cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) were registered nationwide. 79 people have died. Most infections were again registered in the state of Assam (NO). In 2023, 1,097 cases and 56 deaths were officially reported nationwide. Carry out exposure prophylaxis and possibly vaccination!
Oropouche fever
Cuba
The Cuban Ministry of Health confirmed the first cases in the provinces of Santiago de Cuba (O) and Cienfuegos (Z) at the end of May this year. A total of around 605 cases have been reported nationwide so far. Since the end of May, several infections imported from Cuba have been reported in Italy, Spain, Germany and the USA. The virus is transmitted by midges and predominantly nocturnal mosquitoes. The disease leads to an acute febrile syndrome including joint and limb pain and vomiting. Meningitis can occur under certain circumstances. There is no vaccination. Be careful with mosquito protection.
Dengue
USA
At the end of November, the first autochthonous infection this year in the state of Texas was reported in Cameron County. In the state of Florida, 70 local infections were reported by the beginning of December this year. The counties affected are Miami-Dade, Pasco, Hillsborough, Monroe, Palm Beach, Broward, Orange, Manatee, Polk and Sarasota. Health authorities in Los Angeles County (California) have recorded 15 local infections since the beginning of September. At the beginning of October, authorities confirmed a case in San Diego County for the first time. Be careful to protect yourself from mosquitoes that are mainly active during the day. A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
Rabies
USA
At the end of November this year, a death was reported in Fresno County (California). The infection was caused by a bat bite. At the end of September, a person around 65 years old died in the state of Minnesota. At the end of July, he had contact with a bat. Human cases of rabies are rare in the USA. After suspicious animal contact, a doctor should be consulted immediately.
Intestinal infections
Egypt
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. In recent years, there have been repeated cases of infections with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) in returning travelers, especially from Hurghada. Hepatitis A is also very common. Raw salads and insufficiently cooked food should be avoided. Tap water should not be drunk. Pay attention to food hygiene and vaccinations.
Safety note
Egypt
Travel to the north of the Sinai Peninsula, the Egyptian-Israeli border area (with the exception of Taba) and remote areas of the Sahara is warned against. Unaccompanied, individual excursions and overland trips in the south of the Sinai Peninsula are not recommended (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Dengue
Australia
Since the beginning of this year, 2,174 cases have been reported nationwide. The states of Western Australia, New South Wales and Victoria are once again particularly affected. Pay attention to protection against day-active mosquitoes. A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
Pertussis
Australia
By the beginning of December, around 51,540 cases had already been reported nationwide, most of them in the states of Queensland and New South Wales. A baby has died. These are the highest number of cases since 2016. Last year, a total of around 2,440 cases were recorded nationwide. Before staying abroad, standard vaccinations should always be checked and supplemented if necessary.
Ross River fever
Australia
Around 3,285 cases were reported nationwide this year. The state of Queensland is particularly affected. Pay attention to mosquito protection.
Chikungunya
Brazil
Around 407,250 suspected cases and 203 deaths were reported this year. Most of the cases come from the state of Minas Gerais, where the authorities declared a health emergency at the end of January this year due to the epidemiological situation. The states of Mato Grosso and Bahia are also badly affected. Last year, around 256,930 suspected cases were registered nationwide, and around 146,250 infections were confirmed. 106 people died. Compared to the same period last year, the number of cases has increased significantly. In 2022, a total of around 265,300 suspected cases were reported. 75 people died. In mid-2014, health authorities reported the first local infections. Since then, the infection has spread nationwide. Be sure to use mosquito repellent.
Dengue
Brazil
There is a high risk of dengue throughout the country. Since the beginning of this year, around 10,021,230 suspected cases and 5,872 confirmed deaths have been registered nationwide. Compared to the same period last year, the number of cases has more than tripled. The authorities in 7 of the 27 states (Acre, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and the Federal District) have declared a health emergency due to the epidemiological situation. Last year, around 3,028,600 suspected cases were registered nationwide, and 1,094 people died. In 2022, around 2,363,500 cases of illness and around 930 deaths were recorded. Be sure to protect yourself from mosquitoes that are mainly active during the day. A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
Yellow fever
Brazil
In mid-October, a teenager from neighboring Guyana fell ill in the state of Roraima. This year, 3 infections have been confirmed in humans. One case of illness and one death were reported in the state of São Paulo, and one person died in the state of Amazonas. Vaccination is recommended for stays in Brazil.
Oropouche fever
Brazil
Since the beginning of this year, around 3,230 infections have been confirmed in the state of Amazonas. At the end of February, an illness was reported in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Since the beginning of February, further illnesses have been reported in the states of Rondonia, Acre, Para, Roraima and Tocantins. Outside the Amazon region, the following states are affected: Bahia, Espírito Santo, Santa Catarina, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Piaui, Pernambuco, Ceará and Maranhao. In March, a 24-year-old woman died in the state of Bahia. Nationwide, the number of cases has risen to around 9,565, and 2 people have died. The virus is transmitted by midges and predominantly nocturnal mosquitoes. The disease leads to an acute febrile syndrome including joint and limb pain and vomiting. Take precautions against mosquitoes.
Intestinal infections
Dominican Republic
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. The Dominican Republic is one of the holiday destinations with the highest number of cases of traveler’s diarrhea. Since October 2022, around 110 cholera infections have been reported. One person has died. The majority were registered in the capital, Santo Domingo. Pay attention to hygiene, consider vaccination if necessary.
Dengue
Dominican Republic
Since the beginning of this year, around 10,000 cases have been registered. 9 people have died. Last year, around 25,470 suspected cases were registered. 23 people have died. In 2022, around 10,440 suspected cases were reported. 42 people have died. The number of cases has roughly tripled in 2022 compared to the previous year. The municipalities of Santiago, Santo Domingo de Guzmán, Santo Domingo Norte, Santo Domingo Este and San José de Ocoa were particularly affected. In 2021, around 3,750 infections and 26 deaths were registered. Be careful of mosquito protection. A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
Entry requirements
Dominican Republic
The Dominican government has completely sealed off the border with Haiti since September 15, 2023 until further notice. Travel by land, air or sea between the two countries is currently not possible (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
West Nile fever
Greece
Since the beginning of July this year, 436 cases of illness have been registered in several regions. 34 people have died. The infection occurs sporadically in Greece, especially in the northern regions. Be careful of mosquito protection.
Intestinal infections
India
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide. Cholera can be expected regionally. Typhoid, paratyphoid and the orally transmitted forms of hepatitis are endemic throughout India. Anthrax occurs repeatedly in both the cutaneous and intestinal form among locals. Pay attention to hygiene and vaccination protection.
Dengue
India
Around 186,570 cases were registered nationwide by October of this year. 160 people have died. The states of Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are particularly affected. Last year, around 234,430 cases and 91 deaths were reported. In 2022, around 233,250 infections and 303 deaths were recorded. Pay attention to protection against day-active vector mosquitoes (Aedes species). A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
Japanese encephalitis
India
At the end of November, the first infection since 2011 was reported in the west of the capital New Delhi. In the first 11 months of this year, around 1,220 cases of Japanese encephalitis (JE) were registered nationwide. 79 people have died. Most infections were again registered in the state of Assam (NE). In 2023, 1,097 cases and 56 deaths were officially reported nationwide. Carry out exposure prophylaxis and possibly vaccination!
Malaria
India
Since January of this year, around 209,640 cases have been reported nationwide. 45 people have died. Most infections come from the states of Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand. Last year, around 223,960 cases were registered and 72 people have died. Very good mosquito protection should always be observed, it is usually advisable to take emergency medication with you and, depending on the outbreak, chemoprophylaxis should also be discussed.
Safety advice
India
Travel to Jammu and Kashmir and Manipur is currently strongly discouraged. Demonstrations and large gatherings of people should generally be avoided and the instructions of the security forces should be followed. In addition, current media reports should be followed during a stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Smog
India
Air pollution is currently extremely high in New Delhi and in the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT) surrounding the capital. Due to the burning of crop residues in the fields in the area, pollution, particularly from fine dust, regularly increases at this time of year. Young children, the elderly and those with chronic respiratory diseases are particularly at risk. They are advised to stay indoors during peak periods, avoid physical exertion and possibly wear breathing masks. Travellers should pay close attention to local media reports.
Rabies
India
This year, 16 people have died in the state of Meghalaya (NE), with the districts of West Khasi Hills and West Jaintia Hills particularly affected. In the state of Tamil Nadu (S), 22 people have died of rabies this year. In March this year, one case and 3 deaths were reported in the state of Manipur (NE). Last year, deaths were reported in several states. In September 2023, the first death since 2017 was reported in the state of Goa (W). India is one of the countries with the highest number of cases in animals and humans in the world. In 2022, a total of around 310 people died. The main carrier is the (stray) dog. The big cities are also affected. In the event of suspicious animal contact, seek medical attention immediately and make sure that modern tissue culture vaccines are used. A preventive vaccination is recommended for all travelers.
Zika virus
India
In the state of Gujarat (W), 500 people have fallen ill by the beginning of November this year. Since June this year, 109 infections and 5 deaths have been confirmed in the city of Pune (state of Maharashtra, W). The virus is present in large parts of the country. Observe mosquito protection.
Intestinal infections
Indonesia
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. Cholera outbreaks are reported sporadically from West Papua, and typhoid is to be expected. Continue to observe hygiene and vaccination against typhoid.
Dengue
Indonesia
By mid-September this year, around 203,921 infections had been confirmed nationwide. 1,210 people have died. The health authorities in Bali province have warned tourists of an increase in the number of cases and, according to press reports, they and locals are being advised to get vaccinated. Be sure to protect yourself from the predominantly day-active mosquitoes. A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
Entry requirements
Indonesia
Due to the increasing number of monkeypox cases worldwide, the authorities have adjusted the entry requirements. Since August 29, 2024, travelers must fill out the electronic health questionnaire at the Ministry of Health (https://sshp.kemkes.go.id/) before entering the country (departure) and receive a QR code that must be presented at check-in and upon entry.
Poliomyelitis
Indonesia
This year, 7 infections with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) were reported. Last year, a total of 6 infections with infections were confirmed on the islands of Sumatra and Java. A child had already fallen ill on the island of Sumatra in November 2022. This is the first case of polio detected in the country since 2019. The emergence of VDPV makes the country a country with a potential risk of the pathogen spreading internationally. As a result, all people (locals and tourists) who have stayed in the country for more than 4 weeks should be able to show that they have been vaccinated against polio when they leave the country. The vaccination must take place between 4 weeks and one year before departure and must be documented in an internationally valid vaccination certificate.
Safety note
Indonesia
Non-essential travel to five of the six provinces of the Indonesian part of the island of New Guinea (Papua, Papua Barat, Papua Pegunungan, Papua Tengah and Papua Selatan) is not recommended. Large crowds should generally be avoided and the instructions of the security forces should be followed. In addition, current media reports should be followed during a stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Dengue
Maldives
The number of new infections has risen sharply since the end of March this year, and by the end of August around 3,090 people had fallen ill. The number of cases is now significantly higher than the comparable figures for the last 2 years. A total of around 3,420 cases were reported in 2023. Take precautions against the predominantly diurnal carrier mosquitoes. A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
West Nile fever
Austria
78 cases have been reported since the end of July this year. The Vienna area, northern Burgenland and the Weinviertel are affected. The infection occurs sporadically in Austria. The virus is transmitted from one host to the next by mosquitoes. It mainly infects birds, but can also spread to humans, horses and other mammals. Take precautions against mosquitoes.
Dengue
Spain
Since the beginning of September, 8 locally acquired infections have been registered in the province of Tarragona (Catalonia). These are the first this year. Take precautions against the predominantly diurnal carrier mosquitoes. A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
Spain
This year, one infection was acquired in the province of Salamanca (Castile and León region) and one in the province of Toledo (Castile-La Mancha region). Between 2013 and 2022, a total of 12 infections were reported, and 4 patients died. The regions affected are Castile and León and Extremadura in the northwest of the country. The pathogen is usually transmitted by ticks, but occasionally also from person to person. Exposure prophylaxis (e.g. repellents, covering clothing) and early tick removal are recommended.
West Nile fever
Spain
This year, 72 infections have been reported in the Andalusia region, most of them in the province of Seville. 26 infections have been recorded in the Extremadura region and 2 in the Castile-La Mancha region. 10 people have died. The virus is transmitted from one host to another by mosquitoes. It mainly infects birds, but can also spread to humans, horses and other mammals. Be sure to use mosquito repellent.
Safety advice
South Africa
The South African National Park Service is making every effort to ensure the safety of tourists in and around the Kruger National Park and has set up the following helpline for travelers to the Mpumalanga province: +27-(0)6630 0 0991. It is recommended that you avoid using the R335 via Motherwell to get to Addo Elephant Park from Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha) and instead use the N2 via Colchester. Demonstrations and large gatherings of people should generally be avoided and the instructions of the security forces should be followed. In addition, current media reports should be followed during a stay (www.auswaertiges-amt.de).
Rabies
South Africa
Since the beginning of this year, 3 deaths have been registered. Last year, 11 cases were confirmed in humans, and in 2022 there were 13. The provinces of Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape were particularly affected. A sharp increase in rabid dogs has been observed nationwide since 2022. Rabies occurs in animals nationwide, affecting jackals, mongooses, cows, unvaccinated dogs and cats, among others. At the beginning of June, an infection in a South African fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus) was confirmed for the first time in Cape Town. By the end of July, 14 more cases had been registered. According to the Cape Town City Council, 8 people have now also been bitten and all have been asked to seek treatment. The population should keep themselves and their dogs away from the seals in the entire coastal region of the Cape Peninsula. The most common source of infection for humans is dog bites. If you come into contact with them, see a doctor immediately; if there is a foreseeable risk and you are staying for a longer period, preventive vaccination is recommended.
Intestinal infections
Tanzania
Risk of diarrhea nationwide. Localized cholera outbreaks occur regularly. There have been outbreaks in 21 regions since September last year. Pay careful attention to hygiene; vaccination should be considered if necessary.
Entry requirements
Tanzania
With effect from October 1, 2024, all visitors to Zanzibar (except residents with Tanzanian residency permits) must take out compulsory entry insurance from the Zanzibar Insurance Corporation (ZIC) for the duration of their stay (up to 92 days). This insurance can only be taken out with ZIC. Other international travel insurance policies are not accepted. Policies can be purchased from September 1, 2024. The current cost is USD 44 per person. Further information is available on the Visit Zanzibar website (https://visitzanzibar.go.tz/). Entry may be refused if the correct insurance is not provided.
Entry vaccination requirements
Tanzania
The risk of infection with yellow fever in Tanzania is classified by the WHO as low, and vaccination is not generally recommended. According to the official entry vaccination requirements (ITH 2020), a yellow fever vaccination is required for people over 1 year of age when entering from endemic areas. Experience has shown that the regulations change frequently and the information provided by the various authorities differs from one another. The regulations are sometimes interpreted and handled differently at some airports (Kilimanjaro Airport in Arusha) or by individual border officials. Contrary to the official information, a yellow fever vaccination is often required when entering Zanzibar. An official statement from the Zanzibar Ministry of Health is published on the website of the Federal Foreign Office.
Poliomyelitis
Tanzania
The first infection with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) was reported in July last year. Another infection was reported at the beginning of September and at the end of December. Due to the emergence of cVDPV2, the country is formally one of the countries with a potential risk of international spread of the pathogen. As a result, all persons (locals and tourists) who have stayed in the country for more than 4 weeks must show proof of vaccination against polio when leaving the country. The vaccination must be carried out between 4 weeks and one year before departure and must be documented in an internationally valid vaccination certificate. Pay attention to vaccination protection.
Intestinal infections
Thailand
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide, local smaller outbreaks of cholera are also to be expected. Pay attention to hygiene.
Dengue
Thailand
Since the beginning of this year, around 92,450 cases of illness and 76 deaths have been registered. Last year, around 159,220 infections and 179 deaths were reported. The provinces of Trat, Nan, Chanthaburi, Rayong and Mae Hong Son as well as the capital Bangkok were particularly affected. Pay attention to protection against diurnal mosquitoes. A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
Measles
Thailand
This year, a sharp increase in the number of cases has been reported, particularly in the south of the country. Before traveling abroad, standard vaccinations should always be checked and, if necessary, supplemented.
Dengue
USA
At the end of November, the first autochthonous infection in the state of Texas this year was reported in Cameron County. In the state of Florida, 70 local infections were reported by the beginning of December this year. The counties affected are Miami-Dade, Pasco, Hillsborough, Monroe, Palm Beach, Broward, Orange, Manatee, Polk and Sarasota. Health authorities in Los Angeles County (California) have recorded 15 local infections since the beginning of September. At the beginning of October, authorities confirmed a case in San Diego County for the first time. Be careful to protect yourself from mosquitoes that are mainly active during the day. A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)
USA
This year, 19 infections with at least 3 deaths have been reported. The states affected are Maine, New York, Vermont, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Wisconsin and Rhode Island. This viral infection, transmitted by day and night-active mosquitoes, can lead to severe encephalitis. Take precautions against mosquito bites.
Pertussis
USA
This year, around 28,170 cases were reported by mid-November, which is around five times as many as in the same period last year. Before staying abroad, standard vaccinations should always be checked and supplemented if necessary.
Sun protection
USA
Since the beginning of 2021, the sale of so-called reef-toxic sunscreens has been banned in the state of Hawaii, including products containing oxybenzone (BP3) and octinoxate. These substances are suspected of having a harmful effect on corals and other marine life.
Rabies
USA
At the end of November this year, a death was reported in Fresno County (California). The infection was caused by a bat bite. At the end of September, a person around 65 years old died in the state of Minnesota. At the end of July, he had contact with a bat. Human cases of rabies are rare in the USA. After suspicious animal contact, a doctor should be consulted immediately.
West Nile fever
USA
By the beginning of December this year, 1,353 infections and at least 18 deaths had been registered. Most infections come from the states of Texas, California, Mississippi and Nebraska. The peak of the season is from July to October, but transmission is possible all year round. Be careful of mosquito protection.
Intestinal infections
Vietnam
Risk of diarrheal diseases nationwide, cholera is also endemic. Be careful of food and drinking water hygiene.
Dengue
Vietnam
Since the beginning of this year, around 115,000 cases of illness and 18 deaths have been registered nationwide. Last year, around 166,620 infections and 42 deaths were reported. In 2022, around 367,730 cases of illness and 140 deaths were registered. The number of cases was around 5 times higher than in 2021. Be careful of mosquitoes that are mainly active during the day. A vaccination has been available since February 2023.
Measles
Vietnam
In mid-November, more than 210 new infections were reported in Ho Chi Minh City within a week. These are the highest weekly case numbers since the end of August, when the authorities confirmed the outbreak. Since the beginning of this year, a total of more than 1,800 people have fallen ill, 3 of them have died. Before staying abroad, standard vaccinations should always be checked and supplemented if necessary.
Rabies
Vietnam
Since the beginning of this year, 62 deaths have been reported. Last year, a total of 82 people died of rabies infection. If you have suspected contact with animals, you should see a doctor immediately. Preventive vaccination is strongly recommended, especially if there is a foreseeable risk and for longer stays. Consultation with a doctor experienced in travel medicine should be carried out well in advance of the trip.
Bird flu
Vietnam
In March of this year, an infection with influenza A(H9N2) was reported for the first time in Vietnam. At the beginning of December of this year, an 18-year-old man from Long An province fell ill. In March, a 21-year-old student fell ill with influenza A(H5N1) and subsequently died. He had previously caught wild birds. After a break of more than 8 years, in October 2022, a 5-year-old girl became ill with an influenza virus H5. She had eaten meat from sick chickens and ducks. Between 2003 and 2014, a total of 128 people nationwide fell ill with influenza A(H5N1), and there were 65 deaths. All of those affected were found to have had contact with animals. Since 2014, numerous outbreaks have been registered in domestic poultry across the country, and more than 129,000 animals have been killed. At the end of May last year, there was an outbreak in Quang Ngai province with around 1,700 sick ducks. Vaccination of poultry is widespread in the country. Since 2014, outbreaks of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported repeatedly in poultry farms. Since the beginning of 2021, 3 outbreaks have already been reported in 2 provinces. There have been no human cases of illness so far.
Source/ zdroj: https://crm.de/aktuelles/
